Browse > Article

Nitrite Accumulation Characteristics According to Hydraulic Retention Time and Aeration Rate in a Biological Aerated Filter  

Yoon, Jong Moon (School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, University of Ulsan)
Kim, Dong Jin (Department of Environmental Sciences & Biotechnology, Hallym University)
Yoo, Ik-Keun (School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, University of Ulsan)
Publication Information
Korean Chemical Engineering Research / v.44, no.2, 2006 , pp. 200-206 More about this Journal
Abstract
In a biological aerated filter (BAF) packed with ceramic media (void fraction of BAF=0.32), nitrite accumulation was studied with the variation of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and superficial air velocity. Synthetic ammonium wastewater and petrochemical wastewater were fed at a constant load of $1.6kgNH_4^+-N/m^3{\cdot}d$. Ammonium removal rate was mainly affected by the superficial air velocity in BAF, but nitrite ratio($NO_2-N/NO_x-N$) in the effluent was dependent on both HRT and superficial air velocity. For a fixed HRT of 0.23 hr (corresponding to the empty bed contact time of 0.7 hr) ammonium removal rate was 73/90/92％ and nitrite ratio was 0.92/0.82/0.48 at the superficial air velocity of 0.23/0.45/0.56 cm/s, respectively. When HRT is increased to 0.9 hr with superficial air velocity ranging from 0.34 to 0.45 cm/s, the ammonium removal rate was 89％ on average. However nitrite ratio decreased significantly down to 0.13. When HRT was further increased to 1.4 hr, ammonium removal rate decreased, thereby resulting in the free ammonia ($NH_3-N$, FA) build-up and nitrite ratio gradually increased (>0.95). Although aeration rate and FA concentration at HRT of 0.23 hr were unfavorable for nitrite accumulation compared with those at HRT of 0.9 hr, nitrite ratio at HRT of 0.23 hr was higher. Taken together, HRT and nitrogen load were found to be critical, in addition to FA concentration and aeration condition, for nitrite accumulation in the BAF tested in the present study.
Keywords
Biological Aerated Filter; Nitrite Accumulation; Hydraulic Retention Time; Aeration Rate; Nitrification;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Wiesmann, U., in A. Fiechter(Ed.), Biological Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater: Advances in Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology., 51, Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 113-154(1994)
2 Lee, S. C. and Kim, D. J., 'A Study on the Nitrification and Denitrification of an Anoxic-Oxic Upflow Biological Aerated Filter,' HWAHAK KONGHAK, 39(1), 123-129(2001)
3 Wett, B. and Rauch, W., 'The Role of Inorganic Carbon Limitation in Biological Nitrogen Removal of Extremely Ammonia Concentrated Wastewater,' Water Res., 37(5), 1100-1110(2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Kim, D. J., Chang, J. S., Lee, D. I., Han, D. W., Yoo, I. K. and Cha, G. C., 'Nitrification of High Strength Ammonia Wastewater and Nitrite Accumulation Characteristics,' Water Sci. Techol, 47(11), 45-51(2003)
5 Ghyoot, W., Vandaele, S. and Verstraete, W., 'Nitrogen Removal from Sludge Reject Water with a Membrane-assisted Bioreactor,' Water Res., 33(1), 23-32(1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Turk, O. and Mavinic, D. S., 'Maintaining Nitrite Build-up in a System Acclimated to Free Ammonia,' Water Res., 23(11), 1383-1388 (1989)   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Hellinga, C. A., Schellen, A. J. C., Mulder, J. W., van Loosdrecht, M. C. M. and Heijnen, J. J., 'The Sharon Process: An Innovative Method for Nitrogen Removal from Ammonium-rich Wastewater,' Water Sci. Technol., 37(9), 135-142(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Yoo, I. K., Kim, G. H. and Kim, D. J., 'A Study on Paper Industry Wastewater Treatment by Pilot-scale Biological Aerated Filter and Optimum Backwash Condition,' HWAHAK KONGHAK, 36(6), 945-950(1998)
9 Kuai, L. and Verstraete, W., 'Ammonium Removal by the Oxygen-limited Autotrophic Nitrification-denitrification System,' Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64(11), 4500-4506(1998)
10 Mann, A., Mendoza-Espinisa, L. and Stephenson, T., 'A Comparison of Floating and Sunken Media Biological Aerated Filters for Nitrification,' J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 72(3), 273-279(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Pujol, R., Hamon, M., Kandel, X. and Lemmel, H., 'Biofilters: Flexible Reliable Biological Reactors,' Water Sci. Tech., 29(10-11), 33-38(1994)
12 Randall, C. W. and Buth, D., 'Nitrite build-up in Activated Sludge Resulting from Combined Temperature and Toxicity Effects,' J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 56(9), 1045-1049(1984)
13 Anthonisen, A. C., Loehr, R. C., Prakasam, T. B. S. and Srinath, E. G., 'Inhibition of Nitrification by Ammonia and Nitrous acid,' J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 48(5), 835-852(1976)
14 Garrido, J. M., van Benthum, W. A. J., van Loosdrecht, M. C. M. and Heijnen, J. J., 'Influence of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration on Nitrite Accumulation in a Biofilm Airlift Suspension Reactor,' Biotechnol. Bioeng., 53(2), 168-178(1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Joo, S. H., Kim, D. J., Yoo, I. K., Park, K. and Cha, G. C., 'Partial Nitrification in an Upflow Biological Aerated Filter by $O_2$ Limitation,' Biotechnol. Lett., 22(11), 937-940(2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
16 APHA, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 19th ed., APHA, Washington, D.C(1996)
17 Cecen, F. and Gonenc, I., 'Nitrogen Removal Characteristics of Nitrification and Denitrification Filters,' Water Sci. Tech., 29(10), 409-416(1994)
18 Villaverde, S., Garcia-Encina, P. A. and FDZ-Polanco, F., 'Influence of pH over Nitrifying Biofilm Activity in Submerged Biofilters,' Water Res., 31(5), 1180-1186(1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Abelling, U. and Seyfried, C. F., 'Anaerobic-aerobic Treatment of High Strength Ammonium Wastewater-Nitrogen Removal using Nitrite,' Water Sci. Technol., 26(5), 1007-1015(1992)   DOI