Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5714/CL.2012.13.4.254

Fabrication and Characterization of Porous Non-Woven Carbon Based Highly Sensitive Gas Sensors Derived by Magnesium Oxide  

Kim, Yesol (Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, BK21-E2M, Chungnam National University)
Cho, Seho (Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, BK21-E2M, Chungnam National University)
Lee, Sungho (Institute of Advanced Composites Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Lee, Young-Seak (Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, BK21-E2M, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Carbon letters / v.13, no.4, 2012 , pp. 254-259 More about this Journal
Abstract
Nanoporous non-woven carbon fibers for a gas sensor were prepared from a pitch/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) mixed solution through an electrospinning process and their gas-sensing properties were investigated. In order to create nanoscale pores, magnesium oxide (MgO) powders were added as a pore-forming agent during the mixing of these carbon precursors. The prepared nanoporous carbon fibers derived from the MgO pore-forming agent were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), $N_2$-adsorption isotherms, and a gas-sensing analysis. The SEM images showed that the MgO powders affected the viscosity of the pitch/PAN solution, which led to the production of beaded fibers. The specific surface area of carbon fibers increased from 2.0 to $763.2m^2/g$ when using this method. The template method therefore improved the porous structure, which allows for more efficient gas adsorption. The sensing ability and the response time for the NO gas adsorption were improved by the increased surface area and micropore fraction. In conclusion, the carbon fibers with high micropore fractions created through the use of MgO as a pore-forming agent exhibited improved NO gas sensitivity.
Keywords
carbon fibers; electrodes; electrospinning; gas sensor; porous carbon;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Wang SH, Kuo SH, Shen CY. A nitric oxide gas sensor based on Rayleigh surface acoustic wave resonator for room temperature operation. Sensors Actuators B: Chem, 156, 668 (2011). http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2011.02.016.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Do JS, Wu KJ, Tsai ML. Amperometric NO gas sensor in the presence of diffusion barrier: selectivity, mass transfer of NO and effect of temperature. Sensors Actuators B: Chem, 86, 98 (2002). http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4005(02)00154-5.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Do JS, Wu KJ. Amperometric nitric oxide gas sensor: preparation of Au/SPE and sensing behavior. Sensors Actuators B: Chem, 67, 209 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4005(00)00418-4.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Wetchakun K, Samerjai T, Tamaekong N, Liewhiran C, Siriwong C, Kruefu V, Wisitsoraat A, Tuantranont A, Phanichphant S. Semiconducting metal oxides as sensors for environmentally hazardous gases. Sensors Actuators B: Chem, 160, 580 (2011). http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.snb.2011.08.032.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Lin CY, Chen JG, Feng WY, Lin CW, Huang JW, Tunney JJ, Ho KC. Using a $TiO_{2}$/ZnO double-layer film for improving the sensing performance of ZnO based NO gas sensor. Sensors Actuators B: Chem, 157, 361 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. snb.2011.04.056.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Im JS, Kang SC, Bai BC, Bae TS, In SJ, Jeong E, Lee SH, Lee YS. Thermal fluorination effects on carbon nanotubes for preparation of a high-performance gas sensor. Carbon, 49, 2235 (2011). http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.01.054.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Choi JK, Hwang IS, Kim SJ, Park JS, Park SS, Jeong U, Kang YC, Lee JH. Design of selective gas sensors using electrospun Pddoped $SnO_{2}$ hollow nanofibers. Sensors Actuators B: Chem, 150, 191 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2010.07.013.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Park Y, Dong KY, Lee J, Choi J, Bae GN, Ju BK. Development of an ozone gas sensor using single-walled carbon nanotubes. Sensors Actuators B: Chem, 140, 407 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. snb.2009.04.055.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Kinoshita K. Carbon: electrochemical and physicochemical properties, Wiley, New York (1988).
10 Im JS, Kang SC, Lee SH, Lee YS. Improved gas sensing of electrospun carbon fibers based on pore structure, conductivity and surface modification. Carbon, 48, 2573 (2010). http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.carbon.2010.03.045.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Greene ML, Schwartz RW, Treleaven JW. Short residence time graphitization of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers. Carbon, 40, 1217 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-6223(01)00301-3.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Kim BH, Bui NN, Yang KS, Cruz ME, Ferraris JP. Electrochemical properties of activated polyacrylonitrile/pitch carbon fibers produced using electrospinning. Bull Korean Chem Soc, 30, 1967 (2009).   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Inagaki M, Kobayashi S, Kojin F, Tanaka N, Morishita T, Tryba B. Pore structure of carbons coated on ceramic particles. Carbon, 42, 3153 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2004.07.029.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Morishita T, Tsumura T, Toyoda M, Przepiorski J, Morawski AW, Konno H, Inagaki M. A review of the control of pore structure in MgO-templated nanoporous carbons. Carbon, 48, 2690 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2010.03.064.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Kim BH, Yang KS, Kim YA, Kim YJ, An B, Oshida K. Solvent-induced porosity control of carbon nanofiber webs for supercapacitor. J Power Sources, 196, 10496 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jpowsour.2011.08.088.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Im JS, Kang SC, Lee YS. Improved sensitivity of an NO gas sensor by chemical activation of electrospun carbon fibers. Carbon Lett, 12, 21 (2011).   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Sing KSW, Everett DH, Haul RAW, Moscou L, Pierotti RA, Rouquerol J, Siemieniewska T. Reporting physisorption data for gas/ solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity. Pure Appl Chem, 57, 603 (1985). http://dx.doi. org/10.1351/pac198557040603.   DOI
18 Im JS, Jang JS, Lee YS. Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous electrospun carbon fibers derived from silica template. J Ind Eng Chem, 15, 914 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec. 2009.09.024.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Fong H, Chun I, Reneker DH. Beaded nanofibers formed dur ing electrospinning. Polymer, 40, 4585 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00068-3.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Im JS, Park SJ, Kim TJ, Lee YS. Hydrogen storage evaluation based on investigations of the catalytic properties of metal/metal oxides in electrospun carbon fibers. Int J Hydrogen Energy, 34, 3382 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.02.047.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Ng LY, Mohammad AW, Leo CP, Hilal N. Polymeric membranes incorporated with metal/metal oxide nanoparticles: a comprehensive review. Desalination (2010). In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. desal.2010.11.033.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Kang SC, Im JS, Lee SH, Bae TS, Lee YS. High-sensitivity gas sensor using electrically conductive and porosity-developed carbon nanofiber. Colloids Surf Physicochem Eng Aspects, 384, 297 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.04.001.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Liao L, Zheng M, Zhang Z, Yan B, Chang X, Ji G, Shen Z, Wu T, Cao J, Zhang J, Gong H, Cao J, Yu T. The characterization and application of p-type semiconducting mesoporous carbon nanofibers. Carbon, 47, 1841 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon. 2009.03.029.   DOI   ScienceOn