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http://dx.doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2021.39.4.486

Plant growth and fruit enlargement among different watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cultivars in continuous chilling night temperature conditions  

Oak Jin Lee (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Hee Ju Lee (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Seung Hwan Wi (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Tae Bok Kim (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Sang Gyu Kim (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
Won Byoung Chae (Department of Environmental Horticulture, Dankook University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environmental Biology / v.39, no.4, 2021 , pp. 486-494 More about this Journal
Abstract
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) is sensitive to low temperature and shows retarded growth under 10℃. Although early transplanting guarantees higher returns, it requires cost and labor to maintain the appropriate temperature for plant growth. Therefore, cultivars tolerant to chilling stress is necessary to reduce the cost and labor requirements. The purpose of this study is to analyze data on plant growth and fruit enlargement under continuous chilling night temperature to develop new cultivars tolerant to chilling temperature. Two cultivars expected to have chilling tolerance and another cultivar sensitive to chilling temperature were grown in greenhouses with chilling and optimal night temperature conditions. In the early growth stage after transplanting, the cultivars expected to have chilling tolerance showed better vine length, fresh weight and dry weight. However, one of the tolerant cultivars showed significantly lower vine length, leaf length and width, and petiole length than the sensitive cultivar during pollination period and later growth stage, showing genotype specific responses. The fruit length, width, and weight were also significantly lower in the tolerant cultivar. The fruit set ratio was significantly higher in the chilling sensitive cultivar than the two tolerant cultivars. These results suggest that the present chilling tolerant cultivars in watermelon were selected based on their performance in the early growth stage, and further studies on chilling tolerance in different growth and development stages are required to develop cultivars adapted to various forcing cultivation systems.
Keywords
watermelon; chilling stress; plant growth; fruit enlargement; continuous night chilling temperature;
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