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http://dx.doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2020.38.4.518

Toxic effects of new anti-fouling agents (diuron and irgarol) on the embryogenesis and developmental delay of sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus  

Choi, Hoon (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS))
Park, Yun-Ho (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS))
Lee, Ju-Wook (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS))
Kwon, Ki-Young (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS))
Hwang, Un-Ki (Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS))
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environmental Biology / v.38, no.4, 2020 , pp. 518-527 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of this study was to define the toxic effects of diuron and irgarol, which are new-antifouling agents, on the fertilization rate and normal embryogenesis rate in the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. In addition, the study was intended to confirm the hindrance of development in sea urchins. The fertilization rate of H. pulcherrimus was not decreased by the tested concentrations. However, the normal embryogenesis rate was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. The 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of normal embryogenesis rate were 7.12 mg L-1 and 2.31 mg L-1, respectively. As the embryos developed into pluteus larvae, after 18 h of exposure to diuron and irgarol at EC50, development of the early gastrula stage was delayed, and significant developmental delays were observed after 24 h. After this, continuous developmental delays were observed in the process leading to the early gastrular, gastrular, early pluteus, and pluteus stages. Therefore, the toxic effects of diuron and irgarol on sea urchins were attributed to the delay in the developmental processes in the early life stages. Diuron and irgarol are highly persistent in the environment and have known-well toxic effects on various marine organisms including invertebrates, as shown in this study. Therefore, it is urgent to establish an environmental protection strategy to prevent the pollution of and preserve the marine environment.
Keywords
diuron; irgarol; Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus; acute toxicities; development hindrance;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
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