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Ecological Risk Assessment of Alachlor using Medaka (Oryzias latipes) and Earthworm (Eisenia fetida)  

Lee, Chul-Woo (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Kim, Hyun-Mi (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Yoon, Jun-Heon (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Song, Sang-Hwan (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Ryu, Ji-Sung (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Kim, Eun-Kyoung (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Yang, Chang-Yong (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Chung, Young-Hee (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Choi, Kyung-Hee (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Lee, Moon-Soon (Environmental Exposure Assessment Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environmental Biology / v.25, no.1, 2007 , pp. 1-7 More about this Journal
Abstract
Medaka(Oryzias latipes) and earthworm(Eisenia fetida) toxicity tests were carried out and ecological risk assessment in water and soil was performed with national monitoring data. NOEC of alachlor was $100\;{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ in the medaka early life-stage test. Embryonic development, hatchability and time to hatching of medaka eggs were affected by this chemical. The $LC_{50}$ and NOEC of alachlor were $94.1\;mg\;kg^{-1}\;and\;55.0\;mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively, in the earthworm acute toxicity test. The environmental monitoring has been carrying out by NIER since 1999. Exposure levels of alachlor in water and soil were $ND{\sim}0.54\;{\mu}g\;L^{-1}\;and\;ND{\sim}0.9\;{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$, respectively, in national monitoring data which had been performed from 2000 to 2004. The measured water and soil exposure levels were applied to evaluate the environmental risk assessment. The PNEC of alachlor in water and in soil were determined as $1\;{\mu}g\;L^{-1}\;and\;55.0\;{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$, respectively using the safety factors which were suggested in EU and OECD. The HQs (PEC/PNEC) were determined to be below 1 for both water and soil when the maximum exposure levels ($0.54\;{\mu}g\; L^{-1}$ in water and $0.9\;{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$ in soil) were applied. Conclusively, our study indicated that there was not significant ecological risk of alachlor in water and soil of our monitoring sites.
Keywords
medaka (Oryzias latipes); earthworm(Eisenia fetida); alachlor; risk assessment;
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