Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7854/JPSK.2018.27.4.207

Material Characteristics and Nondestructive Deterioration Assessment for the Celestial Chart Stone, Korea  

Yoo, Ji Hyun (Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
Lee, Myeong Seong (Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
Choie, Myoungju (Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
Ahn, Yu Bin (Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
Kim, Yuri (Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
Publication Information
The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea / v.27, no.4, 2018 , pp. 207-222 More about this Journal
Abstract
Celestial Chart Stones (original and reproduction) in the National Palace Museum are representative scientific cultural heritage of Korea. Material analysis and nondestructive deterioration assessment were conducted for long-term preservation of these stones. Material analysis revealed that the original was composed of slate and the reproduction was made of dolostone. The original consists of quartz, mica, dolomite minerals, while the reproduction was made up of dolomite, calcite and forsterite. Major deterioration factors of the original stone were cracks and breakouts. In case of the reproduction, scratches and artificial materials were mainly observed. The green and black surface contaminants present at the sides and back of the two celestial chart stones were interpreted as resin-based paint materials. The physical property evaluation using ultrasonic velocity showed a low velocity in the upper left side of the original, while the front right side of the reproduction showed a weak property. Meanwhile, the To-Tc method using ultrasonic velocity was applied to major cracks that impede stability of the original. As a result, it has been calculated that the beginning and the center of the crack are the deepest.
Keywords
Celestial Chart Stone; Material Characteristics; Surface Contaminant; Deterioration Assessment; Crack Depth;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Cho, J.H., Lee, C.H., Kim, J., Morii, M., Lee, M.S. and Kim, S.D., 2012, Deterioration Evaluation and Material Characteristics of the Usuki Stone Buddha Statues in Oita, Japan. Journal of Conservation Science, 28, 39-52. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
2 Choi, S.W. and Lee, C.H., 2000, Physical and Chemical Weathering of the Granite Standing Maitreya of Daejosa Temple, Buyeo, Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 36, 559-574. (in Korean with English abstract)
3 Choie, M., Lee, M.S., Yoo, J.H., Chun, Y.G., Sothin, K., Sovann, I. and Sineth, O., 2018, Weathering Characteristics and Condition Assessment Conservation Treatment for Bayon Style Avalokitesvara, Cambodia. Journal of Conservation Science, 34, 167-177. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
4 Chun, Y.G., Lee, C.H., Jo, S.N., Jo, Y.H., Park, G.J. and Yang, P.S., 2008, Measurement of crack depth and weathering degree using ultrasonic velocity and deterioration evaluation of the Unhyungung Stone Water Container. Journal of Conservation Science, 24, 1-11. (in Korean with English abstract)
5 Columbu, S., Piras, G., Sitzia, F., Pagnotta, S., Raneri, S., Legnaioli, S., Palleschi, V., Lezzerini, M. and Giamello, M., 2018, Petrographic and mineralogical characterization of volcanic rocks and surfacedepositions on Romanesque monuments. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, 18, 37-63.
6 Cultural Heritage Administration, 2018, http://www.heritage.go.kr (November 14, 2018)
7 Cultural Heritage Administration, 2018, National Cultural Heritage Portal, www.heritage.go.kr (October 30, 2018).
8 Fitzner, B., 1990, Mapping of natural stone monuments - Documentation of lithotypes and weathering forms. Proceedings of the Advanced Workshop "Analytical Methodologies for the Investigation of Damaged Stones", Pavia, Sep 14-21.
9 Iliev, I.G., 1966, An attempt to esimate the degree of weathering of instrusive rocks from their physico-mechanical properties. In 1st ISRM Congress, International Society for Rock Mechanics, 109-114.
10 Hong, D.H., 2009, A Consideration on the Multi-storied Blue-stone Pagoda in the Goryeo Period. Journal of Korean Cultural History, 21, 109-141. (in Korean)
11 Jeon, M.S., 2016, A Study on Blue-stone(slate) Stupa of the Goryeo Dynasty. Bulkyomisulsahak, 22, 97-130. (in Korean with English abstract)
12 Jeon, S.W. and Park, S.R., 1985, Report on the Relics of Traditional Science and Technology. Office of Cultural Properties, 9 (in Korean)
13 Jeon, S.W., 1996, National Treasure No. 228, The Chonsang Yolcha Bunya-ji-do. The Dong Bang Hak Chi, 93, 35-39. (in Korean)
14 Jun, Y.H., 2018, Characteristics of Korean Star Chart seen from Western Ones. The Dongguk Historical Society, 64, 89-125. (in Korean with English abstract)
15 Jwa, Y.J., Lee, S.W., Kim, J.S. and Sohn, D.W., 2000, Source area of stones used for the stone buildings of Bulguksa Temple and Seokguram Grotto. Journal of the Geological society of Korea, 36, 335-340. (in Korean with English abstract)
16 Keijo-fu, 1934, keijo fushi(vol.1). Keijo-fu, 189. (in Japanese)
17 Koo, M.O., 2007, Disputes over 'Cheon-Sang-Yeol-Cha-Bun-Ya- Ji-Do'. The Dong Bang Hak Chi, 140, 89-130. (in Korean with English abstract)
18 Lee, C.H., Lee, M.S., Suh, M.C., Choi, S.W. and Kim, M.G., 2004, Deterioration Diagnosis and Source Area of Rock Properties at the West Stone Pagoda, Gameunsaji Temple Site, Korea. Economic and environmental geology, 37, 569-583. (in Korean with English abstract)
19 Lee, C.H., Choi, S.W., Suh, M.C. and Chae, S.J., 2000, Structural Stability, Weathering and Conservation Method of Granite Standing Sculptured Buddha at Hwangsangdong, Kumi. Journal of Conservation Science, 9, 21-32. (in Korean with English abstract)
20 Lee, C.H., Lee, M.S., Suh, M.C. and Choi, S.W., 2005, Weathering and deterioration of rock properties of the Dabotap pagoda (World Cultural Heritage), Republic of Korea. Environmental Geology, 47, 547-557. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
21 Lee, M.S., Chun, Y.G. and Kim, J., 2016, Study for Selection of Replica Stone of the Stele for Buddhist Monk Wonjong at Yeoju Godalsa Temple Site using Magnetic Susceptibility. The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea, 25, 299-310. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
22 Lee, M.S., Chun, Y.G., Seo, J.S. and Lee, C.H., 2009, Material Analysis and Provenance Interpretation for Rock Properties of the Gwangjueupseong (Gwangju Town Wall), Korea. Journal of Conservation Science, 25, 61-76. (in Korean with English abstract)
23 Lee, M.S., Yoo, J.H. and Kim, J., 2018, Source rock investigation for the Gyeongju Seated Stone Buddha with Square Pedestals in the Blue House using nondestructive petrological analysis. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea. 54, 567-578. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
24 Nha, I.S., 1984, A Study of the Astronomical Instruments Made in the Choson Dynasty (Part 1. Star Atlases). The Dong Bang Hak Chi, 42, 205-237. (in Korean)
25 Nha, I.S., 1996, Stone Carved Star Map, Chonsang Yol-cha Bunya-ji-do and Its 600th Memorial Reconstructions. The Dong Bang Hak Chi, 93, 41-132. (in Korean)
26 Rodrigues, J.D., 2015, Defining, mapping and assessing deterioration patterns in stone conservation projects. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 16, 267-275.   DOI
27 Oh, B.H., Kim, J.S. and Kim, S.H., 1999, Crack depth evaluation of concrete structures using ultrasonic pulse velocity method. The 10th Anniversary Conference of the Korean Society of Korea Concrete Institute, 659-662. (in Korean with English abstract)
28 Park, C.B., 1998, Analysis of the Star Map in Chon-Sang-Yol-Cha-Bun-Ya-Ji-Do. 20, 113-149. (in Korean with English abstract)
29 Park, C.S. and Lee, S.H., 2003, Petrological and mineralogical characteristics of the rocks constituting the Sungryemun (South Gate). The Journal of The Petrological Society of Korea, 12, 196-206. (in Korean with English abstract)
30 Rhim, H., Kim, Y., Woo, S. and Song, Y., 2002, Measurement of crack depth located under steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete specimens using ultrasonic method. Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance Inspection, 6, 181-188. (in Korean with English abstract)
31 Rufus, W.C., 1913, The Celestial Planisphere of King Yi Tai-Jo. Transactions of the Korea Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 4, 23-72.
32 Ryu, K.S., Kim, J., Chun, Y.G., Han, D.R. and Lee, C.H., 2012, Material Characteristics and Deterioration Evaluation of the Gyosan-ri Seated Stone Buddha Statue in Hamyang, Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 48, 521-532. (in Korean with English abstract)
33 Siegesmund, S. and Durrast, H., 2011, Physical and mechanical properties of rocks. In Stone in architecture (eds. Siegesmund, S. and Snethlage, R.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 202-203.
34 Tarkoy, P.J., 1981, Tunnel boring machine performance as a function of local geology. Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists, 18, 169-186.
35 Yang, H.J., Choi, G.E., Ahn, Y.S. and Mihn, B.H., 2010, Precision Measurement and Analysis for the Celestial Chart Stone of Tae-Jo. Bulletin of the Korean Astronomical Society, 35, 85. (in Korean)
36 Vasconcelos, G., Lourenco, P.B., Alves, C.A.S. and Pamplona, J., 2008, Ultrasonic evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of granites. Ultrasonics, 48, 453-466.   DOI
37 Woo, K.S., 2012, Cultural heritage values and materials used for the Sumano Tower of the Jeongamsa in Jeongseon. 2012 fall joint conference of the geological sciences, 25. (in Korean)
38 Yang, H.J and Ahn, Y.S., 2007, Three-dimensional Measurement and Restoration of the Celestial Chart Stone. Bulletin of the Korean Astronomical Society, 32, 59. (in Korean)
39 Yi, J.E., Lee, C.H. and Han, B.I., 2011, Material Characteristics and Deterioration Diagnosis of the Pagoda of Buddhist Priest Jeongjin in Bongamsa Temple, Mungyeong, Korea. Journal of Conservation Science, 27, 357-369. (in Korean with English abstract)
40 Yoo, J.H., Lee, C.H. and Chun, Y.G., 2014, Material Characteristics, Deterioration Evaluation and Crack Depth Estimation for Mulgyeseowon Stele in Changnyeong, Korea. Journal of Conservation Science, 30, 427-438. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
41 Ahn, Y.S., 2002, Research for reconstruction of the Celestial Planisphere in stone of King Yi Tai-Jo. Korea Science Foundation, 1-80. (in Korean with English abstract)
42 Kessler, D.W. and Sligh, W.H., 1932, Physical properties and weathering characteristics of slate. Superintendent of Documents. Bureau of standards journal of research, 9, 377-411.   DOI
43 Encyclopedia of Korean Culture, 2018, http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0023639 (October 27, 2018)
44 National Museum of Korea, 2018, http://www.museum.go.kr (November 13, 2018)
45 Ahn, S.H., 2011, Naming Taboo of the Goryeo Dynasty in the Joseon's King Taejo's Planisphere and the Origin of the Planisphere. Korean Journal of Palace Museum, 4, 125-157. (in Korean with English abstract)
46 Ahn, S.H., 2013, A philological study on the scripts engraved on Cheonsang-Yeolcha-Bunyajido. The Journal of Korean Classics, 42, 5-30. (in Korean with English abstract)   DOI
47 Cho, J.H., Jo, Y.H., Chun, Y.G., Choi, J.H and Lee, C.H., 2010, Precisely Nondestructive Diagnosis and Slope Stability of the Bonghwa Bukjiri Maaeyeoraejwasang (Rock-Carved Seated Buddha Statue), Korea. Journal of Conservation Science, 26, 121-132. (in Korean with English abstract)