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Isolation of marine birnavirus from ascidian Halocynthia roretzi, and its relation with tunic softness syndrome  

Song, Jin-Kyung (Department of Aqualife Medicine, College of Fisheries and Ocean Science, Chonnam National University)
Yun, Hyun-Mi (Department of Aqualife Medicine, College of Fisheries and Ocean Science, Chonnam National University)
Choi, Byeong-Dae (Department of Seafood Science and Technology/Institutue of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University)
Oh, Myung-Joo (Department of Aqualife Medicine, College of Fisheries and Ocean Science, Chonnam National University)
Jung, Sung-Ju (Department of Aqualife Medicine, College of Fisheries and Ocean Science, Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of fish pathology / v.22, no.3, 2009 , pp. 229-237 More about this Journal
Abstract
The causative agent for the tunic softness syndrome of the cultured ascidian Halocynthia roretzi from Jan 1999 to Feb 2009 was identified using virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The pathogenicity of the isolated virus MABV UR-1 strain was determined by experimental infection trials. The cytopathic effects was observed in CHSE-214 cell line at a level 5.1% (4/78) in normal ascidian and 1.8% in abnormal ascidian showing tunic softness syndrome signs. MABV gene was detected in 16.8% (18/107) of normal and 13.1% (5/38) of abnormal organisms by PCR. The ratio of MABV isolation and gene detection was similar level in normal and soft tunic diseased ascidian. Based on the VP2/NS junction region sequences, eight strains of virus isolated from ascidian, were included in the same genogroup with MABV which is originally isolated in wide ranges of marine fish and shellfish species. The UR-1 strain caused 60% mortality (36.5% mortality in control group) by immersion infection and 37% mortality (same mortality in control group) in injection infection indicating no significant differences in infected and control groups. These results suggest that ascidian can act as reservoir of the MABV, and this virus is not directly related with the ascidian mortality.
Keywords
Halocynthia roretzi; Tunic softness syndrome; Marine birnavirus; Pathogenicity;
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