Browse > Article

Virulence of Vibriosis in Larva Stage of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas  

Park, Kyung-Hyun (Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute)
Lee, Young-eun (Division of Food Science and Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Kim, Eun-Heui (Division of Food Science and Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Sohn, Sang-Gyu (South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, NFRDI)
Publication Information
Journal of fish pathology / v.22, no.1, 2009 , pp. 35-44 More about this Journal
Abstract
The potential pathogenicity of Vibrio splendidus biovar II, which was isolated from triploid larvae of pacific oyster with bacillary necrosis and fish pathogenic V. anguillarum were investigated. The 5-day-old larvae infected with V. splendidus biovar II at the dose of $1.81{\times}10^{4}$ CFU/$m\ell$ started to die within 8 hours after exposure and the mortality were reached to 100% in 16 hours. However, $1.13{\times}10^{4-5}$ CFU/$m\ell$ of V. anguillarum caused 5.5-20% mortality of the larvae after 24 hours. The 10-day-old larvae infected with V. splendidus biovar II at the dose of $5.0{\times}10^{5}$ CFU/$m\ell$ showed mortality from 8 hours after challenge and led to a marked mortality of 90.47% after 24 hours. But V. anguillarum at doses of $5.08{\times}10^{3-6}$ CFU/$m\ell$ did not show mortality in the 10-day-old larvae. Therefore V. splendidus biovar II exhibited stronger virulence in 5-day-old larvae than 10-day-old and young oyster. Changes in the concentration of Vibrio in sea water showed that V. anguillarum decreased from $1.13{\times}10^{5}$ CFU/$m\ell$ to 1.7${\times}$105 CFU/$m\ell$ and V. splendidus biovar II increased from $1.81{\times}10^{4}$ CFU/$m\ell$ to $1.7{\times}10^{7}$ CFU/$m\ell$. This strong survival ability of V. splendidus biovar II in seawater was thought as one of the virulence factors against oyster larvae. The mortalities of 5-day-old and 10-day-old oyster larvae were decreased by addition of 30 $\mu{g}/m\ell$ of antibacterial agent(oxytetracycline or streptomycin). These results suggest that bacillary necrosis by V. splendidus biovar II can be occurred in oyster larvae in Korea. And virulence of V. splendidus biovar II is stronger than that of V. anguillarum in oyster larvae causing significant mortality at the density of $10^{4}$ CFU/$m\ell$.
Keywords
Vibrio splendidus biovar II; Vibrio anguillarum; Virulence; Crassostrea gigas; Oxytetracycline; Streptomycin;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Elston, R. and Leibovitz, L.: Pathogenesis of experimental vibriosis in larval American oysters, Crassostrea virginica. Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 37: 964-978, 1980   DOI
2 Hudson, E. B. and Hill, B. J.: Impact and spread of bonamiasis in the UK. Aquaculture 93: 279-285, 1991   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Loneiros, C., Bolinches, J., Dopazo, C. and Toranzo, A. E.: Bacillary necrosis in hatcheries of Ostrea edulis in Spain. Aquaculture 65: 15-29, 1987   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Takahashi, K. G., Nakamura, A. and Mori, K. K.: Inhibitory effects of ovoglobulins on bacillary necrosis in larvae of the pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 75: 212-217, 2000   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Tubiash, H. S., Chanley, P. E. and Leifson, E.: Bacillary necrosis, a disease of larval and juvenile bivalve mollusks. J. Bacteriol. 10: 1036-1044, 1965
6 Brown, C. and Roland, G.: Characterization of exotoxin produced by a shellfish-pathogenic Vibrio sp. J. Fish Dis. 7: 117-126, 1984   DOI
7 Lacoste, A., Jalabert, F., Malham, S. K., Cueff, A. and Poulet, S. A.: Stress and stress-induced neruoendicrine changes increase the susceptibility of juvenile oysters(Crassostrea gigas) to Vibrio splendidus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 2304-2309, 2001   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Sugumar, G., Nakai, T., Hirata, Y., Matsubara, D. and Muroga, K.: Vibrio splendidus II as the causative agent of bacillary necrosis of Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae. Dis. Aquat. Org. 33: 111-118, 1998b   DOI   ScienceOn
9 DiSalvo, L. H., Blecka, J. and Zebal, R.: Vibrio anguillarum and mortality in a California coastal shellfish hatchery. Am. Soc. Microbiol. 33: 219-221, 1978
10 Nicolas, J. L., Corre, S., Gauthier, G., Robert, R. and Ansquer. D.: Bacterial problems associated with scallop Pecten maximus larval culture. Dis. Aquat. Org. 27: 67-76, 1996   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Elston, R, Leibovitz, L., Relyea, D. and Zatila, J.: Diagnosis of vibriosis in a commercial oyster hatchery epizootic: Diagnostic tools and managemeny features. Aquaculture 24: 53-62, 1981   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Kleeman, S. N. and Adlard, R. D.: Molecular detection of Marteilia sydneyi, pathogen of sydney rock oysters. Dis. Aquat. Org. 40: 137-146, 2000   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Tubiash, H. S., Colwell, R. R. and Sakazaki, R.: Marine vibrios associated with bacillary necrosis a disease of larval and juvenile bivalve mollusks. Am. Soc. Microbiol. 103: 272-273, 1970
14 Inamura, H., Muroga, K. and Nakai, T.: Toxicity of extracellular products of Vibrio anguillarum. Fish Pathol. 19: 89-96, 1984   DOI
15 Nottage, A. S. and Birkbeck, T. H.: Toxicity to marine bivalves of culture supernatant fluids of the bivalve-pathogenic Vibrio strain NCMB 1338 and other marine vibrios. J. Fish Dis. 9: 249-256, 1986   DOI
16 Allam, B and Paillard, C.: Defense factors in clam extrapallial fluids. Dis. Aquat. Org., 33: 123-128, 1998   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Sugumar, G., Nakai, T., Hirata, Y., Matsubara, T. and Muroga, K.: Pathogenicity of Vibrio splendidus II the causative bacterium of bacillary necrosis of Japanese oyster larvae. Fish Pathol. 33: 79-85, 1998a   DOI
18 Jeffries, V. E.: Three Vibrio strains pathogenic to larvae of Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis. Aquaculture 29: 201-226, 1982   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Nakamura, A., Takahashi, K. G. and Mori, K.: Vibriostatic bacteria isolated from rearing seawater of oyster brood stock: potentiality as biocontrol agents for vibriosis in oyster larvae. Fish Pathol. 34: 139-144, 1999   DOI
20 Lacoste, A., Jalabert, F., Malham, S. K., Cueff, S. K., Gelebart, F., Cordevant, C., Lange, M. and Ppulet. S. A.: A Vibrio splendidus strain is associated with summer mortality of juvenile oysters Crassostrea gigas in the bay of Morlaix(North Brittany, France). Dis. Aquat. Org. 46: 139-145, 2001   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Riquelme, C., Hayashida, G., Toranzo, A. E., Viches, J., Chavez, P.: Pathogenicity studies on a Vibrio anguillarum-related(VAR) strain causing an epizootic in Argopecten purpuratus larvae cultured in Chile. Dis. Aquat. Org. 22: 135-141, 1995   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Brown, C. and Losee, E.: Observations on natural and induced epizootics of vibriosis in Crassostrea virginica larvae. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 31: 41-47, 1978   DOI
23 Elston, R. A.: Infectious disease of the pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Annual Rev. Fish Dis. 259-276, 1993   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Davis, J. P., Downing, S. L. and Chew, K. K.: Summer mortality of pacific oysters. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. 18: 265-268, 1988