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http://dx.doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2021.40.3.26

Soil Carbon Storage in Upland Soils by Biochar Application in East Asia: Review and Data Analysis  

Lee, Sun-Il (Climate Change & Agroecology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
Kang, Seong-Soo (Climate Change & Agroecology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
Choi, Eun-Jung (Climate Change & Agroecology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
Gwon, Hyo-Suk (Climate Change & Agroecology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
Lee, Hyoung-Seok (Climate Change & Agroecology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
Lee, Jong-Mun (Climate Change & Agroecology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
Lim, Sang-Sun (BIO R&D Center, CJ Cheiljedang)
Choi, Woo-Jung (Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering (BK 21), Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture / v.40, no.3, 2021 , pp. 219-230 More about this Journal
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Biochar is a solid material converted from agricultural biomass such as crop residues and pruning branch through pyrolysis under limited oxygen supply. Biochar consists of non-degradable carbon (C) double bonds and aromatic ring that are not readily broken down by microbial degradation in the soils. Due to the recalcitrancy of C in biochar, biochar application to the soils is of help in enhancing soil carbon sequestration in arable lands that might be a strategy of agricultural sector to mitigate climate change. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were collected from studies on the effect of biochar application on soil C content conducted in East Asian countries including China, Japan and Korea under different experimental conditions (incubation, column, pot, and field). The magnitude of soil C storage was positively correlated (p < 0.001) with biochar application rate under field conditions, reflecting accumulation of recalcitrant black C in the biochar. However, The changes in soil C contents per C input from biochar (% per t/ha) were 6.80 in field condition, and 12.58 in laboratory condition. The magnitude of increment of soil C was lower in field than in laboratory conditions due to potential loss of C through weathering of biochar under field conditions. Biochar production condition also affected soil C increment; more C increment was found with biochar produced at a high temperature (over 450℃). CONCLUSION: This review suggests that biochar application is a potential measures of C sequestration in agricultural soils. However, as the increment of soil C biochar was affected by biochar types, further studies are necessary to find better biochar types for enhanced soil C storage.
Keywords
Biochar; Carbon Storage; Climate Change; Low Carbon Agriculture;
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