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http://dx.doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2016.35.3.23

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Phenols on the Biosynthesis of 6-Methoxymellein, a Phytoalexin  

Lim, Do-Hyung (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University)
Lim, Da-Som (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University)
Keum, Young-Soo (Department of Bioresources and Food Science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture / v.35, no.3, 2016 , pp. 216-222 More about this Journal
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one of the most common environmental contaminants. Because of their recalcitrant properties and long-term toxicity, numerous studies have been performed. The toxicological concerns are focused on endocrinological effects of animal. Several different metabolites have been reported, including hydroxy PCBs, PCB quinones, and methylsulfonyl PCBs from animal tissues. However, details in plants have never been studied. It is well-known that plants can produce phytoalexin in response to chemical, physical, or pathological stress.METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, the several PCBs and hydroxy derivatives were prepared by chemical syntheses. Their effects on secondary metabolite biosynthesis were determined in carrot roots. The levels of 6-methoxymellein were determined in several different treatments, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In general, the concentration of 6-methoxymellein reached a maximum at 2 days and gradually decreased to trace level at 5 days in control experiments. However, the effects of PCBs or hydroxy derivatives were highly dependent on compounds. For example, the maximum concentrations of 6-methoxymellein were observed at 3 days for 2-hydroxy/4-hydroxybiphenyl, while 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybiphenyl showed a rapid accumulation within 1 day, followed by rapid dissipation to undetectable levels.CONCLUSION: Biphenyl derivatives were effective elicitor of 6-methoxymellein accumulation. In general, hydroxybiphenyls (phenols) more efficiently induced phytoalexin biosynthesis than those without hydroxy groups. It can be concluded that PCBs or their possible metabolites could change the plant secondary metabolism.
Keywords
Biosynthesis; Elicitor; Phenol; Phytoalexin; Polychlorinated biphenyl; 6-methoxymellein;
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