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http://dx.doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2008.27.3.239

Chemical characteristics of Rainwater in Suwon  

Lee, Jong-Sik (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Kim, Jin-Ho (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Jung, Goo-Bok (Research Management Division, RDA)
Kim, Min-Kyeong (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Yu, Sun-Gang (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Kwon, Soon-Ik (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture / v.27, no.3, 2008 , pp. 239-244 More about this Journal
Abstract
To evaluate the acidity and chemical characteristics of rainwater in Korea, its pH and ion concentrations were investigated in Suwon from April to December, 2006. In addition, to estimate the contribution of ions on its acidity, ion composition and neutralization effect of major cations were investigated. Ion balance and electrical conductivity balance between measured and estimated values showed a high correlation. The mean pH and EC in rainwater collected during the investigation periods were 4.7 and $17.6{\mu}S\;cm^{-1}$, respectively. The monthly variation in EC showed a clear seasonal pattern, which had the lowest value of $9.1{\mu}S\;cm^{-1}$ in July and increased remarkably in November. $Na^+$ was the most abundant cation and followed by $NH_4{^+}>Ca^{2+}>H^+>Mg^{2+}>K^+$. Among them, $Na^+$ and $NH_4{^+}$ accounted for more than 65% of the total cations. In case of anions, the relative abundance was $SO_4{^{2-}}>NO_3{^-}>Cl^-$. About 67% of the total anions in rainwater was $SO_4{^{2-}}$, which showed $119.0{\mu}eq\;L^{-1}$ as mean value during the monitoring periods. Furthermore, 94% of the soluble sulfate in rainwater was identified as nss-$SO_4{^{2-}}$(non-sea salt sulfate). We also found that $NH_4{^+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$ contributed greatly in neutralizing the rain acidity, especially in dry season.
Keywords
Acidity; Ion; Chemical composition; Neutralization; Non-sea salt sulfate;
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