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http://dx.doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2007.26.3.259

Granulation of Natural Zeolite Powder Using Portland Cement  

Kim, Su-Jung (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University)
Zhang, Yong-Seon (National Institute of Highland Agriculture, Rural Development Administration)
Ok, Yong-Sik (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University)
Oh, Sang-Eun (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University)
Yang, Jae-E. (Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture / v.26, no.3, 2007 , pp. 259-266 More about this Journal
Abstract
Enormous amount of zeolite by-products as a fine powder have been produced while manufacturing commercial zeolite products. Granulation of the zeolite by-products is necessary in order for them to be recycled as soil conditioners or absorbent for various environmental contaminants due to the limitations inherent from their physical properties. We granulated the zeolite powders using Portland cement as a cementing agent and characterized the physical and chemical properties of the granulated zeolite product. The experimental natural zeolite had a Si/Al ratio of 4.8 and CEC of 68.1 $cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$. The X-ray diffractometry (XRD) revealed that clinoptilolite and mordenite were the major minerals of natural zeolite. Smectite, feldspar and quartz also existed as secondary minerals. Optimum conditions of granulated zeolite production occurred when natural zeolite was mixed with Portland cement at a 4:1 ratio and granulated using the extruder, left to harden for one month at $25^{\circ}C$ and treated at $400^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours. The wide spectra of XRD revealed that the granulated zeolite had amorphous oxide minerals. The alkali- or thermal-treated natural zeolite exhibited pH-dependent charge properties. The major minerals of the granulated zeolite were clinoptilolite, mordenite and tobermorite. The buffering capacity and charge density of the granulated zeolite were greater than those of natural zeolite.
Keywords
Buffering Capacity; Charge Density; Granulation; Portland cement; Zeolite;
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