Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.15433/ksmb.2022.14.1.051

Ulva grossa sp. nov. (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) from Korea based on Molecular and Morphological Analyses  

Kang, Pil Joon (Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University)
An, Jae Woo (Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University)
Nam, Ki Wan (Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology / v.14, no.1, 2022 , pp. 51-60 More about this Journal
Abstract
A green alga specimen was collected from the eastern coast of Korea. This species shared the typical features of genus Ulva and was characterized by irregularly shaped thalli, relatively small and thick thallus, entire undulate margins without serrations, and one or two pyrenoids per cell. In a phylogenetic tree, based on sequences of the nuclear-encoded internal transcribed spacer region, it nests as a sister clade to a few species including Ulva ohnoi, which has a relatively large thallus. This Korean algal specimen differs from the species forming the same subclades, including U. ohnoi, Ulva fasciata, Ulva reticulata, and Ulva gigantean, and has a relatively small (3-8 cm) and thick (60-100 ㎛) thallus. Of these species, U. ohnoi, originally described from Japan, is similar to the Korean alga as it had a thick thallus of 30-90 ㎛, but it has microscopic serrations on the thallus margin, unlike the Korean alga. The genetic distance between the Korean alga species and the aforementioned species was determined to be 1.8%-4.8%, indicating an inter-specific divergence level at the genus Ulva. Herein, Ulva grossa sp. nov. (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) from Korea is described based on the morphological and molecular analyses.
Keywords
Marine green alga; ITS sequence; Morphology; New species;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Blomster, J., Maggs, C.A., Stanhope, M.J. 1998. Molecular and morphological analysis of Enteromorpha intestinalis and E. compressa (Chlorophyta) in the British Isles. J. Phycol. 34, 319-340.   DOI
2 Shimada, S., Hiraoka, M., Nabata, S., lima, M., Masuda, M. 2003. Molecular Phylogenetic analyses of the Japanese Ulva and Enteromorpha (Ulvales, Ulvophyceae), with special reference to the free-floating Ulva. Phycol. Res. 51, 99-108.   DOI
3 O'Kelly, C.J., Kurihara, A., Shipley, T.C., Sherweed, A.R. 2010. Molecular assessment of Ulva spp. (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) in the Hawaiian Islands. J. Phycol. 46, 728-735.   DOI
4 Liu, F., Pang, S.J., Xu, N., Shan, T.F., Sun, S., Hu, X., Yang, J.Q. 2010. Ulva diversity in the Yellow Sea during the large-scale green algal blooms in 2008-2009. Phycol. Res. 58, 270-279.   DOI
5 Guoying, D., Feifei, W., Yunxiang, M., Shenghua, G., Hongfan, X., Guiq, B. 2014. DNA barcoding assessment of green macroalga in coastal zone around Qingdao, China. J. Ocean. Univ. China. 13, 97-103.   DOI
6 Heesch, S., Broom, J.E.S., Neill, K.F., Farr, T.J., Dalen, J.L., Nelson, W.A. 2009. Ulva, UmbraUlva and Gemina: genetic survey of New Zealand taxa reveals diversity and introduced species. Eur. J. Phycol. 44, 143-154.   DOI
7 Lee, I.K., Kang, J.W. 1986. A check list of marine algae in Korea. Kor. J. Phycol. 1, 311-325.
8 Bae, E.H. 2010. Ulotrichales, Ulvales. In: Bae EH, Kim HS, Kwon CJ, Hwang IK, Kim GH, Klochkova TA (eds) Algal Flora of Korea. Volume 1, Number 1. Chlorophyta: Ulvophyceae: Ulotrichales, Ulvales, Cladophorales, Bryopsidales. Marine Green Algae. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, pp 7-52.
9 Kim, H.S., Boo, S.M., Lee, I.K., Sohn, C.H. 2013. National List of Species of Korea: Marine Algae. Jeonghaengsa, Seoul, Korea. 336 pp.
10 Bliding, C. 1963. A critical survey of European taxa in Ulvales. Part I. Capsosiphon, Percursaria, Blidingia, Enteromorpha. Op. Bot. Soc. Bot. Lund. 8, 1-160.
11 Lee, Y.P., Kang, S.Y. 2002. A Catalogue of the Seaweeds in Korea. Jeju National University Press, Jeju, Korea. 662 pp.
12 Abbott, I.A. and Huisman, J.M. 2004. Marine green and brown algae of the Hawaiian Islands. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, U.S.A. 259 pp.
13 Harper, J.T., Saunders, G.W. 2001. Molecular systematics of the Florideophyceae (Rhodophyta) using nuclear large and small subunit rDNA sequence data. J. Phycol. 37, 1073-1082.   DOI
14 Tamura, K. 1992. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions when there are strong transition-transversion and G + C-content biases. Mol. Biol. Evol. 9, 678-687.
15 Loughnane, C.J., McIvor, L.M., Rindi, F., Stengel, D.B., Guiry, M.D. 2008. Morphology, rbcL phylogeny and distribution of distromatic Ulva (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) in Ireland and southern Britain. Phycologia 47, 416-429.   DOI
16 Hiraoka, M., Shimada, S., Uenosono, M., Masuda, M. 2003. A new green-tide-forming alga, Ulva ohnoi Hiraoka et Shimada sp. nov. (Ulvales, Ulvophyceae) from Japan. Phycol. Res. 51, 14-29.
17 Guidone, M., Thornber, C., Wysor, B., O'Kelly, C.J. 2013. Molecular and morphological diversity of Narragansett Bay (RI, USA) Ulva (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) populations. J. Phycol. 49, 979-995   DOI
18 Hofmann, L.C., Nettleton, J.C., Neefus, C.D., Mathieson, A.C. 2010. Cryptic diversity of Ulva (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) in the Great Bay Estuarine System (Atlantic USA): introduced and indigenous distromatic species. Eur. J. Phycol. 45, 230-239.   DOI
19 Kraft, L.G.K., Kraft, G.T, Waller, R.F. 2010. Investigations into southern Australia Ulva (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) taxonomy and molecular phylogeny indicate both cosmopolitanism and endemic cryptic species. J. Phycol. 46, 1257-1277.   DOI
20 Kirkendale, L., Saunders, G.W., Winberg, P. 2013. A molecular survey of Ulva (Chlorophyta) in temperate Australia reveals enhanced levels of cosmopolitanism. J. Phycol. 49: 69-81.   DOI
21 Steffensen, D.A. 1976. The effect of nutrient enrichment and temperature on the growth in culture of Ulva lactuca L. Aqua. Bot. 2, 337-351.   DOI
22 Lee, Y.P. 2008. Marine Algae of Jeju. Academy Publishing Co, Seoul, Korea. 477 pp.
23 An, J.W. and Nam, K.W. 2017. First record of Ulva torta (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) in Korea. Korean. J. Environ. Biol. 35, 329-334.   DOI
24 Hall, T.A. 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic. Acids. Symp. Ser. 41, 95-98.
25 Phillips, J.A. 1988. Field, anatomical and developmental studies on southern Australian species of Ulva (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta). Aust. Syst. Bot. 1, 411-456.   DOI
26 Womersley, H.B.S. 1984. The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia. Part I. Government Printer, Adelaide, Australia. 329 pp.
27 Hayden, H.S., Waaland, J.R. 2002. Phylogenetic systematics of the Ulvaceae (Ulvales, Ulvophyceae) using chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. J. Phycol. 38, 1200-1212.   DOI
28 Brodie, J., Maggs, C.A., John, D.M. 2007. Green Seaweeds of Britain and Ireland. British Phycological Society, London, UK. 242 pp.
29 Mshigeni, K.E., Kajumulo, A.A. 1979. Effects of the environment on polymorphism in Ulva fasciata Delile (Chlorophyta, Ulvaceae). Bot. Mar. 22, 145-148.
30 Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol. 1. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm], Sweden. 560 pp.
31 Tanner, C.E. 1986. Investigations of the taxonomy and morphological variation of Ulva (Chlorophyta): Ulva californica Wille. Phycologia 25, 510-520.   DOI
32 Malta, E.J., Draisma, S.G.A., Kamermans, P. 1999. Free-floating Ulva in the southwest Netherlands: species or morphotypes? A morphological, molecular and ecological comparison. Eur. J. Phycol. 34, 443-454.   DOI
33 Dawes, C.J., Mathieson, A.C. 2008. The seaweeds of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A. 591 pp.
34 Blomster, J., Back, S., Fewer, D.P., Kiirikki, M., Lehvo, A., Maggs, C.A., Stanhope, M.J. 2002. Novel morphology in Enteromorpha (Ulvophyceae) forming green tides. Am. J. Bot. 89, 1756-1763.   DOI
35 Silva, P.C., Basson, P.W., Moe, R.L. 1996. Catalogue of the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean. Univ. Calif. Publ. in. Bot. 79, 1-1259.
36 Ichihara, K., Arai, S., Uchimura, M., Fay, E.J., Ebata, H., Hiraoka, M., Shimada, S. 2009. New species of freshwater Ulva, Ulva limnetica (Ulvales, Ulvophyceae) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Phycol. Res. 57, 94-103.   DOI
37 Kazi, M.A., Kavale, M.G., Singh, V.V. 2016. Morphological and molecular characterization of Ulva chaugulii sp. nov., U. lactuca and U. ohnoi (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) from India. Phycologia 55, 45-54.   DOI
38 Guiry, M.D. in Guiry, M.D., Guiry, G.M. 2022. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Available from http://www.algaebase.org. Accessed: 25 April 2022.
39 Fletcher, R.L. 1996. The occurrence of 'green tides' - a review. In: Schramm W, Nienhuis PH (eds) Marine benthic vegetation in Europe: recent changes and the effect of eutrophication. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 7-43.
40 Zhao, J., Jiang, P., Liu, Z., Wang, J., Cui, Y., Qin, S. 2010. Genetic variation of Ulva (Enteromorpha) prolifera (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) - the causative species of the green tides in the Yellow Sea, China. J. Appl. Phycol. 23, 227-233.   DOI
41 Bliding, C. 1968. A critical survey of European taxa in Ulvales. II. Ulva, Ulvaria, Monostroma, Kornmannia. Bot. Notiser. 121,535-629.
42 Wolf, M.A., Sciuto, K., Androli, C., Moro, I. 2012. Ulva (Chlorophyta, Ulvales) biodiversity in the North Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean, Italy): cryptic species and new introductions. J. Phycol. 48, 1510-1521.   DOI
43 Koeman, R.P.T., van den Hoek, C. 1981. The taxonomy of Ulva (Chlorophyceae) in the Netherlands. Br. Phycol. J. 16, 9-53.   DOI
44 Hayden, H.S., Blomster, J., Maggs, C.A., Silva, P.C., Stanhope, M.J., Waaland, J.R. 2003. Linnaeus was right all along: Ulva and Enteromorpha are not distinct genera. Eur. J. Phycol. 38, 277-294.   DOI
45 Matsumono, K., Shimada, S. 2015. Systematics of green algae resembling Ulva conglobata, with a description of Ulva adhaerens sp. nov. (Ulvales, Ulvophyceae). Eur. J. Phycol. 50, 100-111.   DOI