1 |
Walker JT, Bradshaw DJ, Finney M, et al.: Microbiological evaluation of dental unit water systems in general dental practice in europe. Eur J Oral Sci 112: 412-418, 2004.
DOI
|
2 |
Karpay RI, Plamondon TJ, Mills SE: Comparison of methods to enumerate bacteria in dental unit water lines. Curr Microbiol 38: 132-134, 1999.
DOI
|
3 |
Uzel A, Cogulu D, Oncag O: Microbiological evaluation and antibiotic susceptibility of dental unit water systems in general dental practice. Int J Dent Hyg 6: 43-47, 2008.
DOI
|
4 |
Walker JT, Bradshaw DJ, Bennett AM, Fulford MR, Martin MV, Marsh PD: Microbial biofilm formation and contamination of dental-unit water systems in general dental practice. Appl Environ Microbiol 66: 3363-3367, 2000.
DOI
|
5 |
Barbeau J, Tanguay R, Faucher E, et al.: Multiparametric analysis of waterline contamination in dental units. Appl Environ Microbiol 62: 3954-3959, 1996.
|
6 |
Lee BM, Kim CW, Kim YS: A study on the microbial contamination of dental unit and ultrasonic scaler. J Korean Acad Prosthodont 36: 64-80, 1998.
|
7 |
Yoon HY, Lee SY: Bacterial contamination of dental unit water systems in a student clinical simulation laboratory of college of dentistry. J Dent Hyg Sci 2: 232-237, 2015.
|
8 |
Ma'ayeh SY, Al-Hiyasat AS, Hindiyeh MY, Khader YS: Legionella pneumophila contamination of a dental unit water line system in a dental teaching centre. Int J Dent Hyg 6: 48-55, 2008.
DOI
|
9 |
Al-Hiyasat AS, Ma'ayeh SY, Hindiyeh MY, Khader YS: The presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the dental unit waterline systems of teaching clinics. Int J Dent Hyg 5: 36-44, 2007.
DOI
|
10 |
Fotos PG, Westfall HN, Snyder IS, Miller RW, Mutchler BM: Prevalence of legionella-specific IgG and IgM antibody in a dental clinic population. J Dent Res 64: 1382-1385, 1985.
DOI
|
11 |
Porteous NB, Redding SW, Jorgensen JH: Isolation of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria in treated dental unit waterlines. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 98: 40-44, 2004.
DOI
|
12 |
American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs: Dental unit waterlines: approaching the year 2000. ADA Council on Scientific Affairs. J Am Dent Assoc 130: 1653-1664, 1999.
|
13 |
Kumar S, Atray D, Paiwal D, Balasubramanyam G, Duraiswamy P, Kulkarni S: Dental unit waterlines: Source of contamination and cross-infection. J Hosp Infect 74: 99-111, 2010.
DOI
|
14 |
Yabune T, Imazato S, Ebisu S: Assessment of inhibitory effects of fluoride-coated tubes on biofilm formation by using the in vitro dental unit waterline biofilm model. Appl Environ Microbiol 74: 5958-5964, 2008.
DOI
|
15 |
Williams JF, Johnston AM, Johnson B, Huntington MK, Mackenzie CD: Microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines: Prevalence, intensity and microbiological characteristics. J Am Dent Assoc 124: 59-65, 1993.
|
16 |
Szymanska J: Evaluation of mycological contamination of dental unit waterlines. Ann Agric Environ Med 12: 153-155, 2005.
|
17 |
Meiller TF, Depaola LG, Kelley JI, Baqui AA, Turng BF, Falkler WA: Dental unit waterlines: biofilms, disinfection and recurrence. J Am Dent Assoc 130: 65-72, 1999.
DOI
|
18 |
Szymanska J, Sitkowska J, Dutkiewicz J: Microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines. Ann Agric Environ Med 15: 173-179, 2008.
|
19 |
Chao Y, Mao Y, Wang Z, Zhang T: Diversity and functions of bacterial community in drinking water biofilms revealed by high-throughput sequencing. Sci Rep 5: 10044, 2015.
DOI
|
20 |
Gomez-Alvarez V, Revetta RP, Santo Domingo JW: Metagenomic analyses of drinking water receiving different disinfection treatments. Appl Environ Microbiol 78: 6095-6102, 2012.
DOI
|
21 |
Schmeisser C, Stockigt C, Raasch C, et al.: Metagenome survey of biofilms in drinking-water networks. Appl Environ Microbiol 69: 7298-7309, 2003.
DOI
|
22 |
Szymanska J: Biofilm and dental unit waterlines. Ann Agric Environ Med 10: 151-157, 2003.
|
23 |
Tall BD, Williams HN, George KS, Gray RT, Walch M: Bacterial succession within a biofilm in water supply lines of dental air-water syringes. Can J Microbiol 41: 647-654, 1995.
DOI
|
24 |
Davey ME, O'toole GA: Microbial biofilms: From ecology to molecular genetics. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 64: 847-867, 2000.
DOI
|
25 |
Coleman DC, O'Donnell MJ, Shore AC, Russell RJ: Biofilm problems in dental unit water systems and its practical control. J Appl Microbiol 106: 1424-1437, 2009.
DOI
|
26 |
Rabin N, Zheng Y, Opoku-Temeng C, Du Y, Bonsu E, Sintim HO: Biofilm formation mechanisms and targets for developing antibiofilm agents. Future Med Chem 7: 493-512, 2015.
DOI
|
27 |
Peters E, McGaw WT: Dental unit water contamination. J Can Dent Assoc 62: 492-495, 1996.
|
28 |
Walker JT, Marsh PD: Microbial biofilm formation in DUWS and their control using disinfectants. J Dent 35: 721-730, 2007.
DOI
|
29 |
Cobb CM, Martel CR, McKnight SA 3rd, Pasley-Mowry C, Ferguson BL, Williams K: How does time-dependent dental unit waterline flushing affect planktonic bacteria levels? J Dent Educ 66: 549-555, 2002.
|
30 |
Williams HN, Baer ML, Kelley JI: Contribution of biofilm bacteria to the contamination of the dental unit water supply. J Am Dent Assoc 126: 1255-1260, 1995.
DOI
|
31 |
O'Donnell MJ, Boyle MA, Russell RJ, Coleman DC: Management of dental unit waterline biofilms in the 21st century. Future Microbiol 6: 1209-1226, 2011.
DOI
|
32 |
Pankhurst CL, Johnson NW, Woods RG: Microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines: the scientific argument. Int Dent J 48: 359-368, 1998.
DOI
|
33 |
Whitehouse RL, Peters E, Lizotte J, Lilge C: Influence of biofilms on microbial contamination in dental unit water. J Dent 19: 290-295, 1991.
DOI
|
34 |
Williams JF, Molinari JA, Andrews N: Microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines: origins and characteristics. Compend Contin Educ Dent 17: 538-540, 542, 1996.
|
35 |
Lewis DL, Arens M, Appleton SS, et al.: Cross-contamination potential with dental equipment see comments. Lancet 340: 1252-1254, 1992.
DOI
|
36 |
Dutil S, Veillette M, Meriaux A, Lazure L, Barbeau J, Duchaine C: Aerosolization of mycobacteria and legionellae during dental treatment: low exposure despite dental unit contamination. Environ Microbiol 9: 2836-2843, 2007.
DOI
|
37 |
Yabune T, Imazato S, Ebisu S: Inhibitory effect of PVDF tubes on biofilm formation in dental unit waterlines. Dent Mater 21: 780-786, 2005.
DOI
|
38 |
Ryan MP, Adley CC: Sphingomonas paucimobilis: a persistent gram-negative nosocomial infectious organism. J Hosp Infect 75: 153-157, 2010.
DOI
|
39 |
Choi HJ, Kim MH, Cho MS, et al.: Improved PCR for identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97: 3643-3651, 2013.
DOI
|
40 |
Fernandez M, Dreyer Z, Hockenberry-Eaton M, Baker CJ: Methylobacterium mesophilica as a cause of persistent bacteremia in a child with lymphoma. Pediatr Infect Dis J 16: 1007-1008, 1997.
DOI
|
41 |
Rafiee M, Jahangiri-Rad M, Hajjaran H, Mesdaghinia A, Hajaghazadeh M: Detection and identification of legionella species in hospital water supplies through polymerase chain reaction (16S rRNA). J Environ Health Sci Eng 12: 83-336X-12-83. eCollection 2014, 2014.
DOI
|
42 |
Ghotaslou R, Yeganeh Sefidan F, Akhi MT, Soroush MH, Hejazi MS: Detection of legionella contamination in tabriz hospitals by PCR assay. Adv Pharm Bull 3: 131-134, 2013.
|
43 |
Briancesco R, Semproni M, Della Libera S, Sdanganelli M, Bonadonna L: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria and microbial populations in drinking water distribution systems. Ann Ist Super Sanita 46: 254-258, 2010.
|
44 |
Schulze-Robbecke R, Feldmann C, Fischeder R, Janning B, Exner M, Wahl G: Dental units: an environmental study of sources of potentially pathogenic mycobacteria. Tuber Lung Dis 76: 318-323, 1995.
DOI
|
45 |
Martin MV: The significance of the bacterial contamination of dental unit water systems. Br Dent J 163: 152-154, 1987.
DOI
|
46 |
Atlas RM, Williams JF, Huntington MK: Legionella contamination of dental-unit waters. Appl Environ Microbiol 61: 1208-1213, 1995.
|
47 |
Oppenheim BA, Sefton AM, Gill ON, et al.: Widespread Legionella pneumophila contamination of dental stations in a dental school without apparent human infection. Epidemiol Infect 99: 159-166, 1987.
DOI
|
48 |
Santiago JI, Huntington MK, Johnston AM, Quinn RS, Williams JF: Microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines: short- and long-term effects of flushing. Gen Dent 42: 528-535, 1994.
|
49 |
Kohn WG, Harte JA, Malvitz DM, et al.: Guidelines for infection control in dental health care settings-2003. J Am Dent Assoc 135: 33-47, 2004.
DOI
ScienceOn
|
50 |
Council directive 98/83/EC of 3 november 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption. Off J Eur Community L330: 32-54, 1998.
|
51 |
Mayo JA, Oertling KM, Andrieu SC: Bacterial biofilm: a source of contamination in dental air-water syringes. Clin Prev Dent 12: 13-20, 1990.
|
52 |
Walker JT, Bradshaw DJ, Fulford MR, Marsh PD: Microbiological evaluation of a range of disinfectant products to control mixed-species biofilm contamination in a laboratory model of a dental unit water system. Appl Environ Microbiol 69: 3327-3332, 2003.
DOI
|
53 |
Karpay RI, Plamondon TJ, Mills SE, Dove SB: Combining periodic and continuous sodium hypochlorite treatment to control biofilms in dental unit water systems. J Am Dent Assoc 130: 957-965, 1999.
DOI
|
54 |
Kettering JD, Munoz-Viveros CA, Stephens JA, Naylor WP, Zhang W: Reducing bacterial counts in dental unit waterlines: Distilled water vs. antimicrobial agents. J Calif Dent Assoc 30: 735-741, 2002.
|
55 |
Kim PJ, Cederberg RA, Puttaiah R: A pilot study of 2 methods for control of dental unit biofilms. Quintessence Int 31: 41-48, 2000.
|
56 |
Liaqat I, Sabri AN: Effect of biocides on biofilm bacteria from dental unit water lines. Curr Microbiol 56: 619-624, 2008.
DOI
|
57 |
Wirthlin MR, Marshall GW Jr: Evaluation of ultrasonic scaling unit waterline contamination after use of chlorine dioxide mouthrinse lavage. J Periodontol 72: 401-410, 2001.
DOI
|
58 |
Lin SM, Svoboda KK, Giletto A, Seibert J, Puttaiah R: Effects of hydrogen peroxide on dental unit biofilms and treatment water contamination. Eur J Dent 5: 47-59, 2011.
|
59 |
Linger JB, Molinari JA, Forbes WC, Farthing CF, Winget WJ: Evaluation of a hydrogen peroxide disinfectant for dental unit waterlines. J Am Dent Assoc 132: 1287-1291, 2001.
DOI
|
60 |
Smith AJ, Bagg J, Hood J: Use of chlorine dioxide to disinfect dental unit waterlines. J Hosp Infect 49: 285-288, 2001.
DOI
|
61 |
Schel AJ, Marsh PD, Bradshaw DJ, et al.: Comparison of the efficacies of disinfectants to control microbial contamination in dental unit water systems in general dental practices across the european union. Appl Environ Microbiol 72: 1380-1387, 2006.
DOI
|
62 |
Meiller TF, Kelley JI, Baqui AA, DePaola LG: Disinfection of dental unit waterlines with an oral antiseptic. J Clin Dent 11: 11-15, 2000.
|
63 |
Shahriari S, Mohammadi Z, Mokhtari MM, Yousefi R: Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the antibacterial substantivity of chlorhexidine. Int J Dent 2010: 946384, 2010.
|
64 |
Roberts HW, Karpay RI, Mills SE: Dental unit waterline antimicrobial agents' effect on dentin bond strength. J Am Dent Assoc 131: 179-183, 2000.
DOI
|
65 |
Taylor-Hardy TL, Leonard RH Jr, Mauriello SM, Swift EJ Jr: Effect of dental unit waterline biocides on enamel bond strengths. Gen Dent 49: 421-425, 2001.
|
66 |
Porteous N, Sun Y, Dang S, Schoolfield J: A comparison of 2 laboratory methods to test dental unit waterline water quality. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 77: 206-208, 2013.
DOI
|
67 |
Murthy BS, Manjula K, George JV, Shruthi N: Evaluation of effect of three different dental unit waterline antimicrobials on the shear bond strength to dentin-an ex vivo study. J Conserv Dent 15: 289-292, 2012.
DOI
|
68 |
Reasoner DJ: Heterotrophic plate count methodology in the united states. Int J Food Microbiol 92: 307-315, 2004.
DOI
|
69 |
Rice EW, Baird RB, Eaton AD, Clesceri LS: Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 22nd. American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., 2012.
|
70 |
Bartoloni JA, Porteous NB, Zarzabal LA: Measuring the validity of two in-office water test kits. J Am Dent Assoc 137: 363-371, 2006.
DOI
|
71 |
Jackson RW, Osborne K, Barnes G, et al.: Multiregional evaluation of the SimPlate heterotrophic plate count method compared to the standard plate count agar pour plate method in water. Appl Environ Microbiol 66: 453-454, 2000.
DOI
|