Browse > Article

Influence of Cerebral Protection Methods in Thoracic Aortic Surgery Using Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest  

Kim, Jae-Hyun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute)
Na, Chan-Young (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute)
Oh, Sam-Sae (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.41, no.2, 2008 , pp. 229-238 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Protection of the brain is a major concern during thoracic aortic surgery using hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA). This study compares the surgical outcomes of two different cerebral protection methods in thoracic aortic surgery using HCA: retrograde cerebral protection (RCP) and antegrade cerebral protection (ACP). Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed data on 146 patients who underwent thoracic aortic surgery from May 1995 to February 2007 using either RCP (114 patients, Group 1) or ACP (32 patients, Group 2) during HCA. There were 104 dissections (94 acute and 10 chronic) and 42 aneurysms (41 true aneurysms and 1 pseudoaneurysm), and all patients underwent ascending aortic replacement. There were 33 cases of hemiarch replacement, 5 of partial arch replacement, and 21 of total arch replacement. Result: The two groups were similar in preoperative and operative characteristics, but Group 2 had more elderly (over 70 years old) patients (34.4% vs. 10.5%), more coronary artery diseases (18.8% vs. 4.4%), more total arch replacements (46.9% vs. 5.3%) and longer HCA time ($50{\pm}24$ minutes vs. $32{\pm}17$ minutes) than Group 1. The operative mortality was 4.4% (5/114) and 3.1% (1/32), the incidence of permanent neurologic deficits was 5.3% (6/114) and 3.1% (1/32), and the incidence of temporary neurologic deficits was 1.8% (2/114) and 9.4% (3/32) in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in operative mortality, postoperative bleeding, or neurologic deficits (permanent and temporary). Conclusion: The early outcomes of aortic surgery using HCA were favorable and showed no statistical difference between RCP and ACP. However, the ACP patients endured longer HCA times and more extended arch surgeries. ACP is the preferred brain protection technique when longer HCA time is expected or extended arch replacement is needed.
Keywords
Aorta surgery; Cerebral perfusion; Cerebral protection; Circulatory arrest;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Matalanis G, Hata M, Buxton BF. A retrospective comparative study of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, retrograde, and antegrade cerebral perfusion in aortic arch surgery. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003;9:174-179   PUBMED
2 Kazui T, Yamashita K, Washiyama N, et al. Aortic arch replacement using selective cerebral perfusion. Ann Thorac Surg 2007;83:s796-s798   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Mezrow C, Midulla P, Sadeghi A, et al. Evaluation of cerebral metabolism and quantitative electroencephalography after hypothermic circulatory arrest and low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass at different temperatures. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994;107:1006-1019   PUBMED
4 Di Eusanio M, Tan ME, Schepens MA, et al. Surgery for acute type A dissection using antegrade selective cerebral perfusion: experience with 122 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:514-519   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Mault J, Ohtake S, Klingensmith M, Heinle J, Greeley W, Ungerleider R. Cerebral metabolism and circulatory arrest: effects of duration and strategies for protection. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;55:57-64   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
6 Kazui T, Washiyama N, Muhammad BA, et al. Total arch replacement using aortic arch branched grafts with the aid of antegrade selective cerebral perfusion. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;70:3-9   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Hagl C, Khaladj N, Karck M, et al. Hypothermic circulatory arrest during ascending and aortic arch surgery: the theoretical impact of different cerebral perfusion techniques and other methods of cerebral protection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2003;24:371-378   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Gega A, Rizzo JA, Johnson MH, Tranquilli M, Farkas EA, Elefteriades JA. Straight deep hypothermic arrest: experience in 394 patients supports its effectiveness as a sole means of brain preservation. Ann Thorac Surg 2007;84:759-767   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Di Eusanio M, Schepens MA, Morshuis WJ, Di Bartolomeo R, Pierangeli A, Dossche KM. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion during operations on the thoracic aorta: factors influencing survival and neurologic outcome in 413 patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002;124:1080-1086   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Safi HJ, Letsou GV, Iliopoulos DC, et al. Impact of retrograde cerebral perfusion on ascending aortic and arch aneurysm repair. Ann Thorac Surg 1997;63:1601-1607   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Coselli JS, LeMaire SA. Experience with retrograde cerebral perfusion during proximal aortic surgery in 290 patients. J Card Surg 1997;12(2 Supple):322-325   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Reich DL, Uysal S, Ergin MA, Griepp RB. Retrograde cerebral perfusion as a method of neuroprotection during thoracic aortic surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2001;72:1774-1782   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Sinatra R, Melina G, Pulitani I, Fiorani B, Ruvolo G, Marino B. Emergency operation for acute type A aortic dissection: neurologic complications and early mortality. Ann Thorac Surg 2001;71:33-38   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Boeckxstaens CJ, Flameng WJ. Retrograde cerebral perfusion does not perfuse the brain in nonhuman primates. Ann Thorac Surg 1995;60:319-328   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Svensson LG, Crawford ES, Hess KR, et al. Deep hypothermia with circulatory arrest. Determinants of stroke and early mortality in 656 patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1993;106:19-31
16 Wong CH, Bonser RS. Does retrograde cerebral perfusion affect risk factors for stroke and mortality after hypothermic circulatory arrest? Ann Thorac Surg 1999;67:1900-1903   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Kawata H, Fackler J, Aoik M, et al. Recovery of cerebral blood flow and energy state in piglets after hypothermic circulatory arrest versus recovery after low-flow bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1993;106:671-685   PUBMED
18 Okita Y, Minatoya K, Tagusari O, Ando M, Nagatsuka K, Kitamura S. Prospective comparative study of brain protection in total arch replacement: deep hypothermic circulatory arrest with retrograde cerebral perfusion or selective antegrade cerebral perfusion. Ann Thorac Surg 2001;72:72-79   DOI   ScienceOn