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Surgical Treatment for Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis  

Ryu, Kyoung-Min (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University)
Seo, Pil-Won (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University)
Park, Seong-Sik (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University)
Kim, Seok-Kon (Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University)
Lee, Jae-Woong (Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hallym University Scared Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Ryu, Jae-Wook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.41, no.1, 2008 , pp. 82-88 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a serious disease originating in odontogenic or oropharyngeal infection with high mortality despite adequate antibiotics and aggressive surgery. We analyzed results of treatment for DNM. Material and Method: We studied 8 cases diagnosed as DNM from 1998 to 2007. All patients received emergent surgical drainage and debridement with broad spectrum antibiotics just after diagnosis. Antibiotics were changed after bacterial susceptibility testing. The surgical approach included 2 cases of cervicotomy, 6 cases of cervicotomy, and a thoracotomy. Result: The interval between symptom onset and hospitalization was $4.6{\pm}1.8$ days ($1{\sim}9$ day). DNM originated in 4 cases of odontogenic infection (50%), 2 cases of oropharyngeal infection (25%), and 2 cases of unknown origin (25%). Causative organisms were found in 6 cases; Streptococcus in 4 cases, Staphylococcus in 1 case, and Klebsiella in 1 case. The Endo DNM classification was type I (2 cases), IIA (3 cases), and IIB (3 cases). The incidence of thoracotomy was 75%. The surgical mortality rate was 25% (2/8). The cause of death was multiple organ failure caused by septic shock. All mortality cases received only cervicotomy and aggravated infections after initial drainage. Conclusion: Early diagnosis, immediate surgical drainage, and adequate antibiotics, including covered anaerobes, are required. Thoracotomy should be performed with cervicotomy even for localized DNM.
Keywords
Mediastinitis; Necrosis; Thoracotomy;
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