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Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum: Clinical Investigation  

Park Jae Hong (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Masan Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
Chei Chang Seck (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Masan Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
Hwang Sang Won (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Masan Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
Kim Han Yong (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Masan Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
Yoo Byung Ha (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Masan Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
Kim Dae Hwan (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Masan Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.39, no.3, 2006 , pp. 220-225 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon, benign, self-limited disorders that usually occurs in young adults without any apparent precipitating factors or disease. The purpose of this study was to review our experience in dealing with this entity and describe a reasonable course of assessment and management. Material and Method: A retrospective case series was conducted to identify adults patients with SPM who were diagnosed and treated in a single institution between 2001 and 2005. Result: Fifteen patients were identified who included 14 men and 1 women with a mean age of 26 years. Presenting symptoms were chest pain in 12 patients ($80\%$), dyspnea in 5 patients ($33\%$), and throat discomfort in 4 patients ($26\%$). Two cases were associated with use of inhalational drugs and 3 cases were associated with exercise. The predisposing factors were asthma, excessive exercise, and vomiting in spontaneous pneumomediastinum. The physical findings were subcutaneous emphysema in 10 patients ($77\%$). Chest radiography and computerized tomography were the diagnostic methods in all cases with CT scan revealing six cases with associated pulmonary abnormalities. Esophagogram and flexible bronchoscopy were selectively used. Fifteen patients ($100\%$) were admitted to the hospital. Their mean hospital stay was 3 days. All patients were conservatively treated. In a follow-up of 3 years no complications or recurrences were observed. Conclusion: Most simple spontaneous pneumomediastinum cases were benign diseases and most of them ($77\%$) had shown typical chest pain, dyspnea and subcutaneous emphysema. Inhalational drug use was not a major cause of SPM; however, increased use of bronchoinhalers was a suspicious cause of SPM.
Keywords
Mediastinum; Pneumomediastinum;
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