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Risk Factor Analysis for $SaO_2$ Instability after Systemic-pulmonary Shunt  

Jung Sung-Ho (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
Yun Sok-Won (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
Park Jung-Jun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
Seo Dong-Man (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
Kim Young-Hwue (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
Ko Jae-Kon (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
Park In-Sook (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
Yun Tae-Jin (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.38, no.4, 2005 , pp. 277-283 More about this Journal
Abstract
Arterial oxygen saturation $(SaO_2)$ instability frequently takes place after systemic-pulmonary shunt without shunt occlusion. We analyzed actual incidence and risk factors for $SaO_2$ instability after shunt operations, and possible mechanisms were speculated on. Material and Method: Ninety three patients, who underwent modified Blalock-Taussig shunt from January 1996 to December 2000, were enrolled in this study. Adequacy of shunt was verified in all patients, either by ensuing one ventricle or biventricular repair later on or by appropriate pulmonary artery growth on postoperative angiogram. Age, body weight, hemoglobin level at operation were 3 day to 36 years (median: 1.8 months), 2.5kg to 51kg (median: 4.1kg) and $10.7\~24.3$ gm/dL (median: 15.2 gm/dL) respectively. Preoperative diagnoses were functional single ventricle with pulmonary stenosis or atresia in 39, tetralogy of Fallot in 38 and pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum in 16. Pulmonary blood flow (PBF) was maintained pre-operatively by patent ductus or previous shunt in 64 and by forward flow through stenotic right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) in 29. $SaO_2$ instability was defined as $SaO_2$ less than $50\%$ for more than 1 hour with neither anatomic obstruction of shunt nor respiratory problem. Result: 10 patients $(10.7\%)$ showed $SaO_2$ instability after shunt operation. After shunt occlusion was ruled out by echocardiogram, they received measures to lower pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), which worked within a few hours in all patients. Risk factors for $SaO_2$ instability included older age at operation (p=0.039), lower preoperative $SaO_2$ (p=0.0001) and emergency operation (p=0.001). PBF through stenotic RVOT showed marginal statistical significance (p=0.065). Conclusion: $SaO_2$ instability occurs frequently after shunt operation, especially in patients with severe hypoxia pre-operatively or unstable clinical condition necessitating emergency operation. Temporary elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance is a possible mechanism in this specific clinical setting.
Keywords
단락술;산소포화도;위험인자 분석;
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