Browse > Article

Regulatory Mechanism of Vascular Contractility by Extracellular $\textrm{K}^{+}$: Effect on Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation and Vascular Smooth Muscle Contractility  

유지영 (한림대학교 강동성심병원 응급의학과)
설근희 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 생리학교실)
서석효 (이화여자대학교 의과대학 생리학교실)
안재호 (이화여자대학교 목동병원 흉부외과학교실)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.37, no.3, 2004 , pp. 210-219 More about this Journal
Abstract
Extracellular $K^{+}$ concentration ([ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ ) can be increased within several mM by the efflux of intracellular $K^{+}$. To investigate the effect of an increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ on vascular contractility, we attempted to examine whether extracellular $K^{+}$ might modulate vascular contractility, endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) and intracellular $Ca^2$$^{+}$ concentration ([C $a^2$$^{+}$]$_{i}$ ) in endothelial cells (EC). We observed isometric contractions in rabbit carotid, superior mesenteric, basilar arteries and movse aorta. [C $a^2$$^{+}$]$_{i}$ was recorded by microfluorimeter using Fura-2/AM in EC. No change in contractility was recorded by the increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ from 6 to 12 mM in conduit artery such as rabbit carotid artery. whereas resistant vessels, such as basilar and branches of superior mesenteric arteries (SMA), were relaxed by the increase. In basilar artery, the relaxation by the increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ to from 1 to 3 mM was bigger than that by the increase from 6 to 12 mM. In contrast, in branches of SMA, the relaxation by the increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ to from 6 to 12 mM is bigger than that by the increase from 1 to 3 mM. $Ba^2$$^{+}$ (30 $\mu$M) did not inhibit the relaxation by the increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ from 1 to 3 mM but did inhibit the relaxation by the increase from 6 to 12 mM. In the mouse aorta without the endothelium or treated with $N^{G}$_nitro-L-arginine (30 $\mu$M), nitric oxide synthesis blocker, the increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ from 6 to 12 mM did not change the magnitude of contraction induced either norepinephrine or prostaglandin $F_2$$_{\alpha}$. The increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ up to 12 mM did not induce contraction of mouse aorta but the increase more than 12 mM induced contraction. In the mouse aorta, EDR was completely inhibited on increasing [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ from 6 to 12 mM. In cultured mouse aorta EC, [C $a^2$$^{+}$]$_{i}$ , was increased by acetylcholine or ATP application and the increased [C $a^2$$^{+}$]$_{i}$ , was reduced by the increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ reversibly and concentration-dependently. In human umbilical vein EC, similar effect of extracellular $K^{+}$ was observed. Ouabain, a N $a^{+}$ - $K^{+}$ pump blocker, and N $i^2$$^{+}$, a N $a^{+}$ - $Ca^2$$^{+}$ exchanger blocker, reversed the inhibitory effect of extracellular $K^{+}$. In resistant arteries, the increase in [ $K^{+}$]$_{0}$ relaxes vascular smooth muscle and the underlying mechanisms differ according to the kinds of the arteries; $Ba^2$$^{+}$-insensitive mechanism in basilar artery and $Ba^2$$^{+}$ -sensitive one in branches of SMA. It also inhibits [C $a^2$$^{+}$]$_{i}$ , increase in EC and thereby EDR. The initial mechanism of the inhibition may be due to the activation of N $a^{+}$ - $K^{+}$pump. activation of N $a^{+}$ - $K^{+}$pump.p.p.p.
Keywords
Potassium; Vasodilation; Endothelium-dependent relaxing factor; Calcium;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 A novel potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells /
[ Yanagisawa,M.;Kurhara,H.;Kirmuri,S.(et al.) ] / Nature   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Endothelium-dependent contraction in arteries and veins /
[ Vanhoute,P.M. ] / Blood Vessels
3 Downregulation of volume-activated CI currents during muscle differentiation /
[ Voets,T.;Wei,L.;De Smet P.(et al.) ] / Am J Physiol   DOI
4 Characterization of the cloned human intermediate-conductance Ca²-activated <TEX>$K^+$</TEX>channel /
[ Jensen,B.S.;Streabaek,D.;Christophersen,P.(et al.) ] / Am J Physiol   DOI
5 Induction of Ca²-activated <TEX>$K^+$</TEX>curent and transient outward currents in human capillary endothelial cells /
[ Jow,F.;Sullivan,K.;Sokol,P.;Numann,R. ] / J Membr Biol   DOI   ScienceOn
6 ATP relaxes rabbit aortic smooth muscle by both on indirect action via endothelial cells and a direct action /
[ Furchgon,R.F.;Zawadzki,J.V. ] / Pharmacologist
7 NO: the primary EDRF /
[ Fleming,I.;Busse,R. ] / J Mol Cell Cardiol   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Endothelium-derived relaxing and contracting factors /
[ Furchgon,R.F.;Vanhoute,P.M. ] / Faseb J   DOI
9 The interavction of plasminogen activator wiht a reconstituted basement membrane matrix and extracellular macromolecules produced by cultured epithelial cells /
[ McGuire,P.G.;Seeds,N.W. ] /
10 <TEX>$K^{+}$</TEX>is an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in rat arteries /
[ Edwards,G.;Dora,K.A.;Gardener,M.I.;Garland,C.J.;Weston,A.H. ] / Nature   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Single strech-activated ion channels in vascular endothelial cells as mechanotransducers? /
[ Lansmen,J.B.;Hallam,T.J.;Rink,T.J. ] / Nature   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Endothelium as on endocrine organ /
[ Inagami,T.;Naruse,M.;Hoover,R. ] / Annu Rev Physiol   DOI   ScienceOn
13 The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acerylcholine /
[ Furchgott,R.F.;Zawadzki,J.V. ] / Nature   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Role of laminin and basement membrane in the morphological differentiation of human endthelial cells into capillary-like structures /
[ Kubota,Y.;Kleinman,H.K.;Martin,G.R.;Lawley,T.J. ] / J Cell Biol   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Endothelim-dependent hyperpolarization of canine coronary smooth muscle /
[ FEletou,M.;Vanhoute,P.M. ] / BR J Pharmacol   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Perivascular potassium and pH as detrminants of local pial arterial diometer in cats /
[ Kuschinsky,W.;Wahl,M.;Bosse,O.;Thurau,K. ] / Circ Res   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Ion channels in vascular endothelium /
[ Nillius,B.;Viana,F.;Droogmans,G. ] / Annu Rev Physiol   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Isolation of rat aortic endothelial cells by primary explant techniques and their phenotypic modulation defined by substrata /
[ McGuire,P.G.;Orkin,R.W. ] / Lab Invest
19 Ponassium dilates rat cerebral arteries by twp idependent mechanism /
[ McCarron,J.G.;Halpern,W. ] / Am J Physiol
20 Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor /
[ Palmer,R.M.;Ferige,A.G.;Moncada,S. ] / Nature   DOI   ScienceOn