Browse > Article

Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on Myocardial Protection - A Comparative Study between Normothermic and Moderate Hypothermic Ischemic Hearts Induced by Cardioplegia in Rats -  

조성준 (강원대학교 부속병원 흉부외과)
황재준 (건국대학교의료원 민중병원 흉부외과)
김학제 (고려대학교 구로병원 흉부외과)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.36, no.5, 2003 , pp. 242-254 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Most of the studies conducted have investigated the beneficial effects of ischemic preconditioning on normothermic myocardial ischemia. However, the effect of preconditioning could be attenuated through the use of multidose cold cardioplegia as practiced in contemporary clinical heart surgical procedures. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether preconditioning improves postischemic cardiac function in a model of $25^{\circ}C$ moderate hypothermic ischemic heart induced by cold cardioplegia in isolated rat hearts. Material and Method: The isolated Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were randomly assigned to four groups All hearts were perfused at 37$^{\circ}C$ for 20 minutes with Krebs-Henseleit solution before the baseline hemodynamic data were obtained, Group 1 consisted of preconditioned hearts that received 3 minutes of global ischemic preconditioning at 37$^{\circ}C$, followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion before 120 minutes of cardioplegic arrest (n=6). Cold (4$^{\circ}C$) St. Thomas Hospital cardioplegia solution was infused to induce cardioplegic arrest. Maintaining the heart at $25^{\circ}C$, infusion of the cardioplegia solution was repeated every 20 minutes throughout the 120 minutes of ischemic period. Group 2 consisted of control hearts that underwent no manipulations between the periods of equilibrium and 120 minutes of cardioplegic arrest (n=6). After 2 hours of cardioplegic arrest, Krebs solution was infused and hemodynamic data were obtained for 30 minuts (group 1, 2: cold cardioplegia group). Group 3 received two episodes of ischemic preconditioning before 30 min of 37$^{\circ}C$ normothermic ischemia and 30 minutes of reperfusion (n=6) Group 4 soloed as ischemic controls for group 3 (group 3, 4: warm ischemia group). Result: Preconditioning did not influence parameters such as left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), rate-pressure product (RPP) and left ventricular dp/dt (LV dp/dt) in the cold cardioplegia group. (p=NS) However, preconditioning before warm ischemia attenuated the ischemia induced cardiac dysfunction, Improving the LVSP, LVEDP, RPP, and LV dp/dt. Less leakage of CPK and LDH were observed in the ischemic preconditioning group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Ischemic preconditioning improved postischemic cardiac function after warm ischemia, but did not protect cold cardioplegic hearts.
Keywords
Ischemic preconditioning; Myocardial protection; Cold cardioplegia;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Mechanism of myocardial stunning /
[ Roberto Bolli,R. ] / Circulation   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Preconditioning myocardium with ischemia /
[ Jennings,R.B.;Murry,C.E.;Reimer,K.A. ] / Cardiovasc Drugs Ther   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Cardiac adoptation to ischemia. Ischemic preconditioning increases myocardial tolerance to subsequent ischemic episodes /
[ Reimer,K.A.;Murry,C.E.;Jennings,R.B. ] / Circulation   DOI   ScienceOn
4 단기간의 심근허혈이 심근보호에 미치는 영향 /
[ 전영진;이인성;김형묵;김학제(등) ] / 대흉외지   과학기술학회마을
5 Preconditioning protection is mediated through adenosine receptors /
[ Thomton,J.D.;Van Winkle,D.M.;Downey,J.M. ] / Circulation
6 The cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning; role of adenosine and protein kinase C /
[ Kim,H.;Kim,D.J.;Kim,S.S.;Rah,B.J.;Kim,H.D. ] / Korean Circ J   DOI
7 Preconditioning: Can nature's shield be raised against surgical ischemic-reperfusion in Jury? /
[ Perrault,L.P.;Menasche,P. ] / Ann Thorac Surg   DOI   ScienceOn
8 The role of neutrophils and free radicals in the ischemic-reperfused heart: why the confusion and controversy? /
[ Reimer,K.A.;Murry,C.E.;Richard,V.J. ] / J Mol Cell Cardiol   DOI   ScienceOn
9 the cardioprotective effects of ischemic preconditiong are not mediated by adenosine receptors in rat hearts /
[ Li;Kloner,R.A. ] / Circulation   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Preconditioning and hypothermic cardioplegia protect human heart equally against ischemia /
[ Cleveland,J.CJr;Meldrum,D.R.;Rowland,R.T.;Banerje,A.;Karken,A.H. ] / Ann Thorac Surg   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Ischaemic preconditioning and contractile function: studies with normothermic and hypothermic global ischaemia /
[ Cave,A.C.;Hearse,D.J. ] / J Mol Cell Cardiol   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Proconditioning with ischemia: a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium /
[ Murry,C.E.;Jennings,R.B.;Reimer,K.A. ] / Circulation   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Ischemic preconditioning induces selective translocation of protein kinase C isoforms epsilon and eta in the heart of conscious rabbits without subcellular redistribution of total protein kinase C activity /
[ Ping,P.;Zhang,J.;Qui,Y.(et al.) ] / Circ Res   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Ischemic preconditioning, cardioplegia or both? Differing approaches to myocardial and vascular protection /
[ Kolocassider,K.G.;Galinanes,M.;Hearse,D.J. ] / J Mol Cell Cardiol   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Evidence that translocation of protein kinase C is a key event during ischemic preconditioning of rabbit hearts /
[ Liu,Y.;Ytrehus,K.;Downey,J. ] / J Mol Cell Cardiol   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Preconditioning deos not involve synthesis of a protective protein /
[ Downey,J.M.;Thornton,J.D.;Liu,G.S.;Stanley,A.W.H. ] / Circulation
17 Inhibition of protein synthesis does not block protection afforded by preconditioning /
[ Thomton,J.D.l;Striplin,S.;Liu,G.S.(et al.) ] / Am J Physiol
18 Nitric Oxide-generating β-adrenergic blocker Nipradilol preserves postischemic cardiac function /
[ Horimoto,H.;Saltman,A.E.;Gaudette,G.R.;Krukenkamp,I.B. ] / Ann Thorac Surg   DOI
19 The nitric oxide is a requisite cofactor to generate ATP-sensitive potassium channel-mediated proconditioning /
[ Horimoto,H.;Gaudett,G.R.;Krukenkamp,I.B. ] / Surg Forum
20 Myocardial neutrophil accumulation during reperfusion after reversible or irreversible ischemic injury /
[ Murry,C.E.;Richard,V.J.;Weischedel,G.R.;Jennings,R.B.;Reimer,K.A. ] / Am J Physiol
21 Ischemic preconditioning preservess creatine phosphate and intracelluar pH /
[ Kida,M.;Fujiwara,H.(et al.) ] / Circulation   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Preconditining in isolated superfused human muscle /
[ Walker,D.M.;Walker,J.M.;Pugsley,W.B.;Pattison,C.W.;Yellon,D.M. ] / J Mol Cell Cardiol   DOI   ScienceOn
23 The role of adenosine in preconditioning /
[ Downey,J.M. ] / J Mol Cell Cardiol
24 Four brief periods of myocardial ischemia cause no cumulative ATP loss or necrosis /
[ Reimer,K.A.;Murry,C.E.;Yamasawa,I.;Hill,M.L.;Jennings,R.B. ] / Am J Physiol
25 New insights into potential mechanisms of ischemic preconditioning /
[ Murty,C.E.;Jennings,R.B.;Reimer,K.A. ] / Circulation   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Can the human myocardium be preconditioned with ischaemia under typothermic conditions? /
[ Di Salvo,C.;Hemming,A.;Jenkins,D.(et al.) ] / Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Meeting of the European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery
27 Ischemic proconditioning: From mechanism to exploitation /
[ Walker,D.M.;Yellon,D.M. ] / Cardiovasc Res.   DOI   ScienceOn