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Hydrogen Peroxide Modulates Phospholipase $A_2$ Aactivity and Endogenous Oxidative Stress in the Free Radical Induced Acute Lung Injury  

Bae, Chi-Hoon (Department of Thoracic & cardiovascular Surgery, Schoole of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu)
Kang, Hyung-Seok (Department of Thoracic & cardiovascular Surgery, Schoole of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu)
Lee, Sub (Department of Thoracic & cardiovascular Surgery, Schoole of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu)
Jheon, Sang-Hoon (Department of Thoracic & cardiovascular Surgery, Schoole of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu)
Ahn, Wook-Wu (Department of Thoracic & cardiovascular Surgery, Schoole of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu)
Kwon, Oh-Choon (Department of Thoracic & cardiovascular Surgery, Schoole of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.35, no.5, 2002 , pp. 343-349 More about this Journal
Abstract
background: In an attempt to investigate the role of oxidants in the activation of phospholipase $A_2$(PLA$_2$) and endogenous oxidative stress in the lung. acute inflammatory lung injury was induced by the instillation of hydrogen peroxide into the trachea of Sprague-Dawley rats. Material and Method: To prove the hypothesis thats released oxidants from neutrophils activate the PLA$_2$ retrogradely, activities of PLA$_2$ and lysoplatelet activating factor acetyltransferase(lysoPAF AT) were assayed i hours after instillation of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, to confirm the impairing effects of the activation of PLA$_2$ associated with endogenous oxidative stress, lung weight/body weight ratio(L$\times$10$^{-3}$ B), protein contents(mg/two lungs) in bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) were measured. As neutrophilic respiratory burst has been known to play a pivotal role in the genesis of endogenous oxidative stress associated with acute inflammatory lung injury, BAL neutrophils counts and level of lung myelperoxidase(MPO) were measured after hydorgen peroxide insult. Morphological and histochemical studies were also performed to identify the effect of the endogenous oxidative stress. Result: Five hours after hydrogen peroxide instillation, lungs showed marked infiltration of neutrophils and increased weight. Protein contents in BAL increased significantly compared to those of normal rats. PLA$_2$ activity was enhanced in the hydrogen peroxide instilled group. Interestingly, the accelerated production of platelet activating factor(PAF) was confirmed by the increased activity of lysoPAF AT in the $H_2O$$_2$ employed lung. Morphologically, light microscopic findings of lungs after instillation of hydrogen peroxide showed atelectasis and infiltration of inflammatory cells, which was thought to be caused by lipid mediators produced by PLA$_2$ activation. In cerium chloride cytochemical electron microscopy, dense deposits of cerrous perhydroxide were identified. In contrast, no deposit of cerrous perhydroxide was found in the normal lung.
Keywords
Phospholipase A; Lung injuries; Respiratory distress syndrome;
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