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http://dx.doi.org/10.17208/jkpa.2018.11.53.6.5

Historical Review on the Characteristics of Specialized and Mixed Land Uses of Korean Zoning System - From Chosun Planning Ordinace of 1934 to City Planning Law of 1962  

Jun, Chae-Eun (Urban Planning, Seoul National University)
Choi, Mack Joong (Seoul National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korea Planning Association / v.53, no.6, 2018 , pp. 5-18 More about this Journal
Abstract
While the zoning system has been developed based on the rationale of separated and specialized land uses to prevent negative externalities in the modern industrial era, the emergence of office-based new industries in the post-industrial era rather encourages mixed land uses to create agglomeration economies. This study aims to find historical basis to justify the reform of zoning system to promote both specialized and mixed land uses. When the zoning system was first introduced in Japanese colonial period by Chosun Planning Ordinance enacted in 1934, Special District within Manufacturing Area, and later within Residential, Commercial, and Mixed Areas respectively was institutionalized for specialized land uses, though it was not actually designated. When City Planning Law was enacted in 1962, Special District was substituted by Exclusive Areas (Exclusive Residential Area, Exclusive Manufacturing Area). Meanwhile Undesignated Area was designated for mixed land uses by Chosun Planning Ordinance, and later it was converted mostly into Mixed Area and partially into Green Area. Finally Mixed Area was substituted by Semi-Areas (Semi-Residential Area, Semi-Manufacturing Area) by City Planning Law in 1962. These demonstrate that Korean zoning system needs to revive the tradition that clearly promoted both specialized and mixed land uses.
Keywords
Zoning; Specialized Land Use; Mixed Land Use; Chosun Planning Ordinace; City Planning Law;
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