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http://dx.doi.org/10.5407/jksv.2022.20.2.055

Interaction between a rising toroidal bubble and a free surface  

Moon, Eunseong (Mechanical Engineering, KAIST)
Kim, Daegyoum (Mechanical Engineering, KAIST)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization / v.20, no.2, 2022 , pp. 55-62 More about this Journal
Abstract
We experimentally investigate a rising toroidal bubble impacting a free surface. The toroidal bubble is created by releasing pulsed air. By adjusting the volume and circulation of the toroidal bubble, the characteristics of interactions between the toroidal bubble and the free surface are identified. Because of the impact by the toroidal bubble, the free surface is convexly deformed upwards above the center point of the toroidal bubble, while the edge of the deformed free surface is pulled down. When the circulation of the bubble becomes stronger, the surface which was pulled down breaks eventually, and air above the free surface is entrained into water, forming an unstable toroidal bubble. The deformations at the center and edge of the free surface are in a linear relationship with the Froude number and the Weber number, respectively.
Keywords
Toroidal bubble; Free surface; Air entrainment;
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