Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14190/JRCR.2017.5.4.366

Effect of Enzyme Stabilization on Hardening of Clay-rock Brick  

Mitikie, Bahiru Bewket (Department of civil Engineering, Hanyang University)
Lee, Tai-Sik (Department of civil Engineering, Hanyang University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute / v.5, no.4, 2017 , pp. 366-374 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study investigates enzyme stabilization in clay-rock bricks through mechanical tests and image processing. Appropriate soil mixtures were designed using clay/crushed rock with ratios of 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, and 30/70 by weight to verify the strength of the enzyme brick and soil compaction. The maximum compressive and flexural strengths in the 60/40 ratio mixture were found to be 5MPa and 1.25MPa, respectively; however, the maximum dry unit weight of $2.073g/cm^3$ was found in the 50/50 clay/gravel ratio mixture. Generally, the strength of the enzyme brick was improved by 27%. The paper concludes that in order to achieve optimal strength, soils should be mixed with the 60/40 clay/gravel ratio, which provides an adequate strength, while 50/50 ratio should be used for achieving more compaction. The SEM-EDX observation and Matlab image processing verified how the bond structure appeared after enzyme stabilization. It was found that enzymes created bond with the clay soil and the crushed rock for rendering strength and stability.
Keywords
Enzyme brick; Strength; SEM-EDX observation; Clay;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 D'Orazio, M., Lenci, S., Graziani, L. (2014). Relationshi p between fracture toughness and porosity of clay brick panels used in ventilated fa ades: Initial investigation, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 116, 108-121.   DOI
2 Franke, W.A. (2009).The durability of rock developing a test of rock resistance to chemical weathering, American Journal of Science, 309(8), 711-730.   DOI
3 Is1077. (1992). Common Burnt Clay Building Bricks Specifications, BIS, New Delhi, India.
4 Junior, S.A., Ferracane, J.L., Della B.A. (2008). Flexural strength and weibull analysis of a micro hybrid and a nanofill composite evaluated by 3-and 4-point bending tests, Dental Materials, 24(3), 426-431.   DOI
5 Kasperiunaitė, D., Navickas, J., Ziemelis, I. (2009). Thermal andAbsorption Properties of Unburnt Clay Samples, Paper Presentedat the Engineering for Rural Development: 8th InternationalScientific Conference: Proceedings.
6 Kaushik, H.B., Rai, D.C., Jain, S.K. (2007). Uniaxial compressive stress-strain model for clay brick masonry, Current Science,92(4), 497-501.
7 Lim, S.M., Wijeyesekera, D., Lim, A., Bakar, I. (2012). CriticalReview of Innovative Soil Road Stabilization Techniques.
8 Phonphuak, N., Thiansem, S. (2012). Using charcoal to increase properties and durability of fired test briquettes, Construction and Building Materials, 29, 612-618.   DOI
9 Rajasekaran, G. (2005). Sulphate attack and ettringite formation in the lime and cement stabilized marine clays, Ocean Engineering, 32(8), 1133-1159.   DOI
10 Rathore, K., Pinky, G. (2012). An overview on ion exchange chromatography, IJARPB, 1(1), 55-64.
11 Lynch, G. (1994). Bricks: properties and classifications, StructuralSurvey, 12(4), 15-20.   DOI
12 Velasquez, R., Marasteanu, M.O., Hozalski, R., Clyne, T.R. (2005). Preliminary Laboratory Investigation of Enzyme Solutions as a Soil Stabilizer: Minnesota Department of Transportation, Research Services Section.
13 Yusuf, H., Pallu, M.S., Samang, L., Tjaronge, M.W. (2012). Characteristical analysis of unconfined compressive strength and cbr laboratory on dredging sediment stabilized with portland cement, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 12(4), 25-31.
14 Zhang, L. (2013). Production of bricks from waste materials-a review, Construction and Building Materials, 47, 643-655.   DOI
15 Mitikie, B.B., Lee, T.S., Chang, B.C., (2017). Application of enzyme to clay brick and its effect on mechanical properties, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 1-10.
16 Montgomery, M.D. (1998). Physical Characteristics of Soils that Encourage Ssb Breakdown During Moisture Attack, Stabilised Soil Research Progress Report, Development Technology Unit, Department of Engineering, University of Warwick.
17 Morel, J.C., Pkla, A., Walker, P. (2007). Compressive strength testing of compressed earth blocks, Construction and Building Materials, 21(2), 303-309.   DOI
18 Nawaz, M.F., Bourrie, G., Trolard, F. (2013). Soil compaction impact and modelling, A review. Agronomy for Sustainable, Development, 33(2), 291-309.   DOI
19 Oti, J., Kinuthia, J. (2012). Stabilised unfired clay bricks for environmental and sustainable use, Applied Clay Science, 58, 52-59.   DOI
20 Raut, S., Ralegaonkar, R., Mandavgane, S. (2011). Development of sustainable construction materia using industrial and agricultural solid waste: A review of waste-create bricks, Construction and Building Materials, 25(10), 4037-4042.   DOI
21 Rekha, K., Potharaju, M. (2015). Residualcompressive strength of recycled brick aggregate concrete at high temperatures, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 5(1), 159-164.
22 Sayler, G.S., Nikbakht, K., Fleming, J.T., Packard, J. (1992). Applications of molecular techniques to soil biochemistry, Soil Biochemistry, 7, 131-172.
23 Standard, A. (2007). D698, Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort, Philadelphia, PA. :American Society for Testing and Materials.
24 ASTM, C. (1999). Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete, Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials.
25 Australian Standard, A. (1997). Methods of Testing Soils forEngineering Purposes-Soil Strength and Consolidation TestsDeterminationof the Penetration Resistance of a Soil-PerthSand Penetrometer Test.
26 Basha, S.H., Kaushik, H.B. (2014). Evaluation of nonlinear materialproperties of fly ash brick masonry under compression andshear, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 27(8), 04014227.   DOI
27 ASTM, C. (1999). Standard Test Method for Flexural Strengthof Concrete, Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testingand Materials.
28 Costigan, A., Pavia, S. (2009). Compressive, Flexural and Bond Strength of Brick/lime Morta Masonry, Proceedings, 9, 1609-1615.