Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7545/ajip.2012.1.1.001

Universities in India's National System of Innovation: An Overview  

Krishna, Venni V. (Centre for Studies in Science Policy, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University)
Publication Information
Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy / v.1, no.1, 2012 , pp. 1-30 More about this Journal
Abstract
The status and functioning of Indian universities is explored in the Indian context from an NSI perspective. Whilst NSI is the main guiding post, the very social and economic context of Indian situation reflect the theoretical underpinning of this paper. The First part serves as a background to knowledge institutions and university sector in India. Basically, it identifies the main actors and agencies of India's NSI, namely, public research system comprising national laboratories, main science and technology agencies and councils and the university system. Given the focus of the paper on Indian universities in a macro historical perspective, the Second part is devoted to trace the growth and structure of university sector in terms of three phases, namely, 1940s to 1980; 1980 to 1990; and the era of liberalization after 1991. The Third part of the paper is devoted to knowledge production and knowledge diffusion. There are some important findings coming out of the quantitative data. It is argued that Indian production of doctorates is falling behind countries like China. Further, Indian universities are yet to achieve Humboltian goal. Finally, the paper has a concluding section which concerns with the current and future challenges facing Indian universities and their role in India's NIS.
Keywords
Indian universities; national systems of innovation; research university;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Agarwal, P. (2009) Indian Higher Education: Envisioning the Future, Sage: New Delhi.
2 Basant, R. and Chandra, P. (2007) Role of Educational and R&D Institutions in City Clusters, An Exploratory Study of Bangalore and Pune Regions, World Development, 35(6), 1037-1055.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Duraisamy, P. (2008) Enrolment Forecast of Higher Education for Inclusive Growth in the 11th Five Year Plan, in UGC, Higher Education in India (Report), 2008, UGC: New Delhi.
4 Edquist, C. (1997) Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions, and Organizations, Pinter, London.
5 Etzkowitz, H. and Leydesdorff, L. (2000) The dynamics of innovation: from national systems and 'Mode 2i' to a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations, Research Policy, 29(2), 109-123.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Farrell, D., aboissi re, M., Rosenfeld, J., St rze, S. and Umezawa, F. (2005) The Emerging Global Labor Market: Part II-The Supply of Offshore Talent in Services, Report from the McKinsey & Co, McKinsey Global Company, USA.
7 Freeman, C. (1995) The 'National System of Innovation' in Historical Perspective, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 19, 5-24.
8 Freeman, C. (1987) Technology Policy and Economic Performance: Lessons from Japan, London: Pinter Publishers.
9 Gaillard, J., Krishna, V.V. and Roland W. (1997) Scientific Communities in the Developing World, New Delhi: Sage Publications.
10 Gupta, B.M. and Dhawan, S.M. (2008) A Scientometric Analysis of S&T Publications Output by India during 1985-2002, Journal of Library and Information Technology, 78(2), 73-85.
11 Lundvall, B.A. (eds.) (1992) National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, London: Pinter Publishers.
12 Gupta, B.M. and Dhawan, S.M (2006) Publication Profile in India in Science and Technology - An Overview, in PSA Report, Measures of Progress of Science in India, PSA: New Delhi.
13 Krishna, V.V. (1994) S.S. Bhatnagar on Science, Technology and Development, 1938-54, New Delhi: Wiley Eastern Ltd.
14 Krishna, V.V. and Chandra, N. (2011) Knowledge Production and Knowledge Transfer: A Study of Two Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT Madras and IIT Bombay) in Wong, P.K. (eds.) Academic Entrepreneurship in Asia: The Role and Impact of Universities in National Innovation Systems, Elgar, E., 2011, UK.
15 Lundvall, B.A, (2006) Interakummerd, P. and Lauridsen J.V. (eds.) Asia's innovation systems in transition, London, Elgar.