Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9766/KIMST.2015.18.2.201

Temporal and Spatial Variability of Sound Propagation Characteristics in the Northern East China Sea  

Park, Kyeongju (Department of Oceanography, Korea Naval Academy)
Chu, Peter Cheng (Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology / v.18, no.2, 2015 , pp. 201-211 More about this Journal
Abstract
Acoustic propagation in shallow water with changing environments is a major concern of navy. Temporal and spatial variability of acoustic propagation in the northern East China Sea (ECS) is studied, using the 11 years hydrographic data and the Bellhop acoustic model. Acoustic propagation in the northern ECS is highly variable due to extensive interaction of various ocean currents and boundaries. Seasonal variations of transmission loss (TL) with various source depths are highly affected by sharp gradient of sound speed and bottoms interaction. Especially, various bottom sediment types lead to severely degrading a waterborne propagation with bottom loss. In particular, the highly increased TL near the ocean front depends on the source position, and the direction of sound propagation.
Keywords
Shallow-water Acoustics; Sound Propagation; Transmission Loss; Variability; East China Sea;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Burdic, W. S., Underwater Acoustic System Analysis, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Second Edition, pp. 120-130, 1991.
2 Chen, C., R. C. Beardsley, R. Limeburner, H. Yu and K. Kim, "Comparison of Winter and Summer Hydrographic Observation in the Yellow and East China Sea and Adjacent Kuroshio During 1986," Cont. Shelf Res., 14, pp. 909-929, 1994.   DOI
3 Etter, P. C., "Review Article, Advanced Applications for Underwater Acoustic Modeling," Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in Acoustics and Vibreation, Article ID 214839, 2012.
4 Fritsch, F. N. and R. E. Carlson, "Monotone Piecewise Cubic Interpolation," SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 17, pp. 238-246, 1980.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Hamilton, E. L., "Geoacoustic Modeling of the Sea Floor," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 68(5), pp. 1313-1340, 1980.   DOI
6 Ichikawa, H. and R. C. Beardsley, "The Current System in the Yellow and East China Seas," J. Oceangr. Soc. Japan, 58, pp. 77-92, 2002.   DOI
7 Jang, S. T., J. H. Lee, C. H. Kim, C. J. Jang and Y. S. Jang, "Movement of Cold Water Mass in the Northern East China Sea in Summer," J. Ocean. Soc. Kor., 16(1), pp. 1-13, 2011.
8 Jensen F. B. and W. A. Kuperman, "Optimun Frequency of Propagaion in Shallow Water Environments," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 73(3), pp. 813-819, 1983.   DOI
9 Jensen, F. B., William A. Kuperman, Michael B. Porter and Henrik Schmidt, Computaional Ocean Acoustics, 2nd edition, Springer, New York, pp. 3-54, 2011.
10 Korea Oceanographic Data Center, http://kodc.nfrdi.re.kr/page?id=obs_04_01
11 Liu, J. P., A. C. Li, K. H. Xu, D. M. Velozzi, Z. S. Yang, et al., "Sedimentary Features of the Yangtze River-Derived Along-Shelf Clinoform Deposit in the East China Sea," Continental Shelf Research, Vol. 26, pp. 2141-2156, 2006.   DOI
12 Mackenzie, K. V., "Nine-Term Equation for the Sound Speed in the Oceans," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 70(3), pp. 807-812, 1981.   DOI
13 Miller, J. H., Louis R. Bartek, Gopu R. Potty, Dajun Tang, Jungyul Na and Yiquan Qi, "Sediments in the East China Sea," IEEE, J. Oceanic Eng., Vol. 29(4), pp. 940-951, 2004.   DOI
14 Porter, M. B, The BELLHOP Manual and User's Guide: PRELIMINARY DRAFT, Heat, Light, and Sound Research, Inc. La Jolla, CA, Jan. 31, 2011.
15 Smith, C. M., "Effects of Propagating Internal Waves on Shallow-Water Acoustic Propagation During the Transverse Acoustic Variability Experiment of 2008," MS thesis, Penn State Univ., PA, 2010.
16 Tang, D., Steven R. Ramp, Peter H. Dahl et al., "Proceedings, The Asian Seas International Acoustics Experiment(ASIAEX) International Symposium, Chengdu, China, October 14-18, 2002," Applied Phys. Lab. Univ. Washington, Tech. Rep. APL-UW TR 0201, Dec. 2002.
17 Thorp, W. H., "Analytic Description of the Low-Frequency Attenuation Coefficient," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 42, p. 270, 1967.
18 Wang, F., C. Liu and Q. Meng, "Effect of the Yellow Sea Warm Current Fronts on the Westward Shift of the Yellow Sea Warm Tongue in Winter," Cont. Shelf Res., 45, pp. 98-107, 2012.   DOI
19 장이현, 김상우, 고우진, 야마다 게이꼬, 서영상, "동중국해 북부해역 수온, 염분 변동 특성," 한국환경과학회 봄 학술발표회지, 제16권, pp. 331-335, 2007.