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http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.453

Distribution Status of Hybrid Types in Large Liver Flukes, Fasciola Species (Digenea: Fasciolidae), from Ruminants and Humans in Vietnam  

Nguyen, Thi Bich Nga (Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST))
De, Nguyen Van (Hanoi Medical University)
Nguyen, Thi Kim Lan (Thai Nguyen University)
Quang, Huynh Hong (Institute for Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology in Quy Nhon)
Doan, Huong Thi Thanh (Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST))
Agatsuma, Takeshi (Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University)
Le, Thanh Hoa (Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST))
Publication Information
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases / v.56, no.5, 2018 , pp. 453-461 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of this study is to delineate 'admixed hybrid' and 'introgressive' Fasciola genotypes present in the Fasciola population in Vietnam. Adult liver flukes collected from ruminants in 18 Provinces were morphologically sorted out by naked eyes for small (S), medium (M) and large (L) body shapes; and human samples (n=14) from patients. Nuclear ribosomal (rDNA) ITS1 and ITS2, and mitochondrial (mtDNA) nad1 markers were used for determination of their genetic status. Total 4,725 worm samples of ruminants were tentatively classified by their size: 6% (n=284) small (S)-, 13% (n=614) medium (M)-, and 81% (n=3,827) large (L)-forms. All the representative (n=120, as 40 each group) and 14 human specimens, possessed maternal mtDNA of only F. gigantica and none of F. hepatica. Paternally, all (100%) of the L-(n=40) and 77.5% (n=31) of the M-flukes had single F. gigantica rDNA indicating 'pure' F. gigantica. A majority (90%, n=36) of the S- and 15% (n=6) of the M-worms had single F. hepatica rDNA, indicating their introgressive; the rest (10%, n=4) of the S- and 7.5% (n=3) of the M-flukes had mixture of both F. gigantica and F. hepatica rDNAs, confirming their admixed hybrid genetic status. Fourteen human samples revealed 9 (64%) of pure F. gigantica, 3 (22%) of introgressive and 2 (14%) of admixed hybrid Fasciola spp. By the present study, it was confirmed that the small worms, which are morphologically identical with F. hepatica, are admixed and/or introgressive hybrids of Fasciola spp., and able to be the pathogens of human fascioliasis.
Keywords
Fasciola gigantica; F. hepatica; admixed hybrid/introgressive Fasciola spp.; Vietnam;
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