Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.431

Identifying Novel B Cell Epitopes within Toxoplasma gondii GRA6  

Wang, Yanhua (State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Wang, Guangxiang (State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Cai, Jian Ping (State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Publication Information
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases / v.54, no.4, 2016 , pp. 431-437 More about this Journal
Abstract
The study of antigenic epitopes from Toxoplasma gondii has not only enhanced our understanding of the structure and function of antigens, the reactions between antigens and antibodies, and many other aspects of immunology, but it also plays a significant role in the development of new diagnostic reagents and vaccines. In the present study, T. gondii GRA6 epitopes were identified using bioinformatics tools and a synthetic peptide technique. The potential B cell epitopes of GRA6 predicted by bioinformatics tools concentrated upon 3 regions of GRA6, 1-20 aa, 44-103 aa, and 172-221 aa. Ten shorter peptides from the 3 regions were synthesized and assessed by ELISA using pig sera from different time points after infection. Three of the 10 peptides (amino acids 44-63, 172-191, and 192-211) tested were recognized by all sera and determined to be immunodominant B-cell epitopes of GRA6. The results indicated that we precisely and accurately located the T. gondii GRA6 epitopes using pig sera collected at different time points after infection. The identified epitopes may be very useful for further studies of epitope-based vaccines and diagnostic reagents.
Keywords
Toxoplasma gondii; GRA6; epitope; pig antibody;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Feliu V, Vasseur V, Grover HS, Chu HH, Brown MJ, Wang J, Boyle JP, Robey EA, Shastri N, Blanchard N. Location of the CD8 T cell epitope within the antigenic precursor determines immunogenicity and protection against the Toxoplasma gondii parasite. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9: e1003449.   DOI
2 Garnier J, Robson B. The GOR method for predicting secondary structures in proteins. In Fasman GD ed., Prediction of protein structure and the principles of protein conformation. New York, USA. Plenum Press. 1989, pp 417-465.
3 Chou PY, Fasman GD. Prediction of the secondary structure of proteins from their amino acid sequence. Adv Enzymol 1987; 47: 45-148.
4 Kyte J, Doolittle RF. A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein. J Mol Biol 1982; 157: 105-132.   DOI
5 Karplus PA, Schulz GE. Prediction of chain flexibility in proteins: a tool for the selection of peptide antigens. Naturwissenschaften 1985; 72: 212-213.   DOI
6 Emini EA, Hughes JV, Perlow DS, Boger J. Induction of hepatitis A virus-neutralizing antibody by a virus-specific synthetic peptide. J Virol 1985; 55: 836-839.
7 Jameson BA, Wolf H. The antigenic index: a novel algorithm for predicting antigenic determinants. Comput Appl Biosci 1988; 181: 212-213.
8 Cardona N, de-la-Torre A, Siachoque H, Manuel A. Patarroyo Jorge E. Gomez-Marin. Toxoplasma gondii: P30 peptides recognition pattern in human toxoplasmosis. Exp Parasitol 2009; 123: 199-202.   DOI
9 Zhang ZW, Zhang YG, Wang YL, Pan L, Fang YZ, Jiang ST, Lu JL, Zhou P. Screening and identification of B cell epitopes of structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia I. Vet Microbiol 2010; 140: 25-33.   DOI
10 Frank R. The SPOT-synthesis technique. Synthetic peptide arrays on membrane supports-principles and applications. J Immunol Methods 2002; 267: 13-26.   DOI
11 Dai JF, Jiang M, Wang YY, Qu LL, Gong RJ, Si J. Evaluation of a recombinant multiepitope peptide for serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2012; 19: 338-342.   DOI
12 Dubey JP, Baker DG, Davis SW, Urban JF, Shen SK. Persistence of immunity to toxoplasmosis in pigs vaccinated with a non-persistent strain of Toxoplasma gondii. Am J Vet Res 1994; 55: 982-987.
13 Ortega-Pacheco A, Acosta-Viana KY, Guzman-Marin E, Uitzil-Alvarez B, Rodriguez-Buenfil JC, Jimenez-Coello M. Infection dynamic of Toxoplasma gondii in two fattening pig farms exposed to high and low cat density in an endemic region. Vet Parasitol 2011; 175: 367-371.   DOI
14 Wang YH, Zhang DL, Wang GX, Yin H, Wang M. Immunization with excreted-secreted antigens reduces tissue cyst formation in pigs. Parasitol Res 2013; 112: 3835-3842.   DOI
15 Siachoque H, Guzman F, Burgos J, Patarroyo ME, Marin JEG. Toxoplasma gondii: Immunogenicity and protection by P30 peptides in a murine model. Exp Parasitol 2006; 114: 62-65.   DOI
16 Vita R, Zarebski L, Greenbaum JA, Emami H, Hoof I, Salimi N, Damle R, Sette A, Peters B. The immune epitope database 2.0. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38: D854-D862.   DOI
17 Cong H, Gu QM, Yin HE, Wang JW, Zhao QL, Zhou HY, Li Y, Zhang JQ. Multi-epitope DNA vaccine linked to the A2/B subunit of cholera toxin protect mice against Toxoplasma gondii. Vaccine 2008; 26: 3913-3921.   DOI
18 Darcy F, Maes P, Gras-Masse H. Protection of mice and nude rats against toxoplasmosis by a multiple antigenic peptide construction derived from Toxoplasma gondii P30 antigen. J Immunol 1992; 149: 3636-3641.
19 Godard I, Estaquier J, Zenner L, Bossus M, Auriault C, Darcy F, Gras-Masse H, Capron A. Antigenicity and immunogenicity of P30-derived peptides in experimental models of toxoplasmosis. Mol Immunol 1994; 31: 1353-1363.   DOI
20 Wang YH, Wang M, Wang GX, Pang AN, Fu BQ, Yin H, Zhang DL. Increased survival time in mice vaccinated with a branched lysine multiple antigenic peptide containing B- and T-cell epitopes from T. gondii antigens. Vaccine 2011; 29: 8619-8623.   DOI
21 Maksimov P, Zerweck J, Maksimov A, Hotop A, Gross U, Pleyer U, Spekker K, Daubener W, Werdermann S, Niederstrasser O, Petri E, Mertens M, Ulrich RG, Conraths FJ, Schares G. Peptide microarray analysis of in silico-predicted epitopes for serological diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2012; 19: 865-874.   DOI
22 Wang YH, Wang GX, Zhang DL, Yin H, Wang M. Screening and identification of novel B cell epitopes of Toxoplasma gondii SAG1. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6: 125.   DOI
23 Wang YH, Wang GX, Zhang DL, Yin H, Wang M. Identification of novel B cell epitopes within Toxoplasma gondii GRA1. Exp Parasitol 2013;135: 606-610.   DOI
24 Golkar M, Azadmanesh K, Khalili G, Khoshkholgh-Sima B, Babaie J, Mercier C, Brenier-Pinchart MP, Fricker-Hidalgo H, Pelloux H, Cesbron-Delauw MF. Serodiagnosis of recently acquired Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with a recombinant dense granule GRA6 protein. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 61: 31-39.   DOI
25 Golkar M, Shokrgozar MA, Rafati S, Musset K, Assmar M, Sadaie R, Cesbron-Delauw MF, Mercier C. Evaluation of protective effect of recombinant dense granule antigens GRA2 and GRA6 formulated in monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant against Toxoplasma chronic infection in mice. Vaccine 2007; 25: 4301-4311.   DOI
26 Lecordier L, Fourmaux MP, Mercier C, Dehecq E, Masy E, Cesbron-Delauw MF. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using the recombinant dense granule antigens GRA6 and GRA1 of Toxoplasma gondii for detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2000; 7: 607-611.
27 Hiszczynska-Sawicka E, Kur J, Pietkiewicz H, Holec L, Gasior A, Myjak P. Efficient production of the Toxoplasma gondii GRA6, p35 and SAG2 recombinant antigens and their applications in the serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Acta Parasitol 2005; 50: 249-254.
28 Elyasi H, Babaie J, Fricker-Hidalgo H, Brenier-Pinchart MP, Zare M, Sadeghiani G, Assmar M, Pelloux H, Golkar M. Use of dense granule antigen GRA6 in an immunoglobulin G avidity test to exclude acute Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2010; 17: 1349-1355.   DOI
29 Lecordier L1, Moleon-Borodowsky I, Dubremetz JF, Tourvieille B, Mercier C, Deslee D, Capron A, Cesbron-Delauw MF. Characterization of a dense granule antigen of Toxoplasma gondii (GRA6) associated to the network of the parasitophorous vacuole. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1995; 70: 85-94.   DOI
30 Wang YH, Wang GX, Ou JT, Yin H, Zhang DL. Analyzing and identifying novel B cell epitopes within Toxoplasma gondii GRA4. Parasit Vectors 2014; 6: 125.