Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.3.273

Antifilarial and Antibiotic Activities of Methanolic Extracts of Melaleuca cajuputi Flowers  

Al-Abd, Nazeh M. (Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya)
Nor, Zurainee Mohamed (Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya)
Mansor, Marzida (Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya)
Hasan, MS (Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya)
Kassim, Mustafa (Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya)
Publication Information
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases / v.54, no.3, 2016 , pp. 273-280 More about this Journal
Abstract
We evaluated the activity of methanolic extracts of Melaleuca cajuputi flowers against the filarial worm Brugia pahangi and its bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia. Anti-Wolbachia activity was measured in worms and in Aedes albopictus Aa23 cells by PCR, electron microscopy, and other biological assays. In particular, microfilarial release, worm motility, and viability were determined. M. cajuputi flower extracts were found to significantly reduce Wolbachia endosymbionts in Aa23 cells, Wolbachia surface protein, and microfilarial release, as well as the viability and motility of adult worms. Anti-Wolbachia activity was further confirmed by observation of degraded and phagocytized Wolbachia in worms treated with the flower extracts. The data provided in vitro and in vivo evidence that M. cajuputi flower extracts inhibit Wolbachia, an activity that may be exploited as an alternative strategy to treat human lymphatic filariasis.
Keywords
Brugia pahangi; Wolbachia; lymphatic filariasis; Melaleuca cajuputi; natural product;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Liu J. Pharmacology of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. J Ethnopharmacol 1995; 49: 57-68.   DOI
2 Doran JC. Cajuput Oil. In Southwell I, Lowe R eds, Tea Tree The Genus Melaleuca. Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Halwood Academic Pulishers. 1999, pp 221-235.
3 Hoerauf A, Nissen-Pahle K, Schmetz C, Henkle-Duhrsen K, Blaxter ML, Buttner DW, Gallin MY, Al-Qaoud KM, Lucius R, Fleischer B. Tetracycline therapy targets intracellular bacteria in the filarial nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis and results in filarial infertility. J Clin Invest 1999; 103: 11-18.   DOI
4 Stolk WA, de Vlas SJ, Habbema JD. Anti-Wolbachia treatment for lymphatic filariasis. Lancet 2005; 365: 2067-2068.   DOI
5 O'Neill SL, Giordano R, Colbert AM, Karr TL, Robertson HM. 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis of the bacterial endosymbionts associated with cytoplasmic incompatibility in insects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992; 89: 2699-2702.   DOI
6 Hoerauf A, Volkmann L, Hamelmann C, Adjei O, Autenrieth IB, Fleischer B, Buttner DW. Endosymbiotic bacteria in worms as targets for a novel chemotherapy in filariasis. Lancet 2000; 355: 1242-1243.   DOI
7 Ghedin E, Hailemariam T, DePasse JV, Zhang X, Oksov Y, Unnasch TR, Lustigman S. Brugia malayi gene expression in response to the targeting of the Wolbachia endosymbiont by tetracycline treatment. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2009; 3: e525.   DOI
8 Bandi C, McCall JW, Genchi C, Corona S, Venco L, Sacchi L. Effects of tetracycline on the filarial worms Brugia pahangi and Dirofilaria immitis and their bacterial endosymbionts Wolbachia. Int J Parasitol 1999; 29: 357-64.   DOI
9 Zhou W, Rousset F, O'Neill S. Phylogeny and PCR-based classification of Wolbachia strains using wsp gene sequences. Proc Biol Sci 1998; 265: 509-515.   DOI
10 Baldo L, Dunning Hotopp JC, Jolley KA, Bordenstein SR, Biber SA, Choudhury RR, Hayashi C, Maiden MC, Tettelin H, Werren JH. Multilocus sequence typing system for the endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72: 7098-7110.   DOI
11 Al-Abd NM, Nor ZM, Al-Adhroey AH, Suhaimi A, Sivanandam S. Recent advances on the use of biochemical extracts as filaricidal agents. Evid Based Complementary Alternat Med 2013; 2013: 986573.
12 Gunawardena NK, Fujimaki Y, Aoki Y, Mishima N, Ezaki T, Uni S, Kimura E. Differential effects of diethylcarbamazine, tetracycline and the combination on Brugia pahangi adult females in vitro. Parasitol Int 2005; 54: 253-259.   DOI
13 Rao R, Well GJ. In vitro effects of antibiotics on Brugia malayi worm survival and reproduction. J Parasitol 2002; 88: 605-611.   DOI
14 Khunkitti W, Fujimaki Y, Aoki Y. In vitro antifilarial activity of extracts of the medicinal plant Cardiospermum halicacabum against Brugia pahangi. J Helminthol 2000; 74: 241-246.   DOI
15 Michael E, Bundy DA, Grenfell BT. Re-assessing the global prevalence and distribution of lymphatic filariasis. Parasitology 1996; 112: 409-428.   DOI
16 Michael E, Bundy DA. Global mapping of lymphatic filariasis. Parasitol Today 1997; 13: 472-476.   DOI
17 Al-Abd NM, Nor Z, Ahmed A, Al-Adhroey AH, Mansor M, Kassim M. Lymphatic filariasis in Peninsular Malaysia: a cross-sectional survey of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of residents. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7: 545.   DOI
18 Saini P, Gayen P, Nayak A, Kumar D, Mukherjee N, Pal BC, Sinha Babu SP. Effect of ferulic acid from Hibiscus mutabilis on filarial parasite Setaria cervi: molecular and biochemical approaches. Parasitol Int 2012; 61: 520-531.   DOI
19 Mishra V, Parveen N, Singhal KC, Khan NU. Antifilarial activity of Azadirachta indica on cattle filarial parasite Setaria cervi. Fitoterapia 2005; 76: 54-61.   DOI
20 Kumari AK, Juvaraj J, Das LK. Issues in delivering morbidity management for lymphatic filariasis elimination: a study in Pondicherry, South India. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012: 372618.
21 Sahare KN, Singh V. Antifilarial activity of ethyl acetate extract of Vitex negundo leaves in vitro. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2013; 6: 689-692.   DOI
22 Zaridah MZ, Idid SZ, Omar AW, Khozirah S. In vitro antifilarial effects of three plant species against adult worms of subperiodic Brugia malayi. J Ethnopharmacol 2001; 78: 79-84.   DOI
23 Fujimaki Y, Kamachi T, Yanagi T, Caceres A, Maki J, Aoki Y. Macrofilaricidal and microfilaricidal effects of Neurolaena lobata, a Guatemalan medicinal plant, on Brugia pahangi. J Helminthol 2005; 79: 23-28.   DOI
24 Sashidhara KV, Singh SP, Misra S, Gupta J, Misra-Bhattacharya S. Galactolipids from Bauhinia racemosa as a new class of antifilarial agents against human lymphatic filarial parasite, Brugia malayi. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 50: 230-235.   DOI
25 Langworthy NG, Renz A, Mackenstedt U, Henkle-Duhrsen K, de Bronsvoort MB, Tanya VN, Donnelly MJ, Trees AJ. Macrofilaricidal activity of tetracycline against the filarial nematode Onchocerca ochengi: elimination of Wolbachia precedes worm death and suggests a dependent relationship. Proc Biol Sci 2000; 267: 1063-1069.   DOI
26 Smith HL, Rajan TV. Tetracycline inhibits development of the infective-stage larvae of filarial nematodes in vitro. Exp Parasitol 2000; 95: 265-270.   DOI
27 Zhang X, Luckhart S, Tu Z, Pfeiffer DG. Analysis of Wolbachia strains associated with Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Eastern United States. Environ Entomol 2010; 39: 396-405.   DOI
28 Rao RU, Moussa H, Weil GJ. Brugia malayi: effects of antibacterial agents on larval viability and development in vitro. Exp Parasitol 2002; 101: 77-81.   DOI
29 Fernando SD, Rodrigo C, Rajapakse S. Current evidence on the use of antifilarial agents in the management of bancroftian filariasis. J Trop Med 2011; 2011: 175941.
30 Taylor MJ, Ford L, Hoerauf A, Pfarr K, Foster JM, Kumar S, Slatko BE. Drugs and targets to perturb the symbiosis of Wolbachia and filarial nematodes. In Caffrey CR ed, Parasitic Helminths: Targets, Screens, Drugs and Vaccines. New Jersey, USA. John Wiley & Sons. 2012, pp 251-265.
31 Wolter F, Clausnitzer A, Akoglu B, Stein J. Piceatannol, a natural analog of resveratrol, inhibits progression through the S phase of the cell cycle in colorectal cancer cell lines. J Nutr 2002; 132: 298-302.   DOI
32 Kassim M, Yusoff KM, Ong G, Sekaran S, Yusof MY, Mansor M. Gelam honey inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in rats through the induction of heme oxygenase-1 and the inhibition of cytokines, nitric oxide, and high-mobility group protein B1. Fitoterapia 2012; 83: 1054-1059.   DOI
33 Funatogawa K, Hayashi S, Shimomura H, Yoshida T, Hatano T, Ito H, Hirai Y. Antibacterial activity of hydrolyzable tannins derived from medicinal plants against Helicobacter pylori. Microbiol Immunol 2004; 48: 251-261.   DOI