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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2022.02.006

Can Panax ginseng help control cytokine storm in COVID-19?  

Choi, Jong Hee (Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
Lee, Young Hyun (Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
Kwon, Tae Woo (Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
Ko, Seong-Gyu (Korean Medicine-based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
Nah, Seung-Yeol (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University)
Cho, Ik-Hyun (Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University)
Publication Information
Journal of Ginseng Research / v.46, no.3, 2022 , pp. 337-347 More about this Journal
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 are directly associated with hyper-activation of innate immune response that excessively produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and induce cytokine storm, leading to multi-organ-failure and significant morbidity/mortality. Currently, several antiviral drugs such as Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) and molnupiravir are authorized to treat mild to moderate COVID-19, however, there are still no drugs that can specifically fight against challenges of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Panax ginseng, a medicinal plant widely used for treating various conditions, might be appropriate for this need due to its anti-inflammatory/cytokine/viral activities, fewer side effects, and cost efficiency. To review Panax ginseng and its pharmacologically active-ingredients as potential phytopharmaceuticals for treating cytokine storm of COVID-19, articles that reporting its positive effects on the cytokine production were searched from academic databases. Experimental/clinical evidences for the effectiveness of Panax ginseng and its active-ingredients in preventing or mitigating cytokine storm, especially for the cascade of cytokine storm, suggest that they might be beneficial as an adjunct treatment for cytokine storm of COVID-19. This review may provide a new approach to discover specific medications using Panax ginseng to control cytokine storm of COVID-19.
Keywords
Coronavirus disease 2019; SARS-CoV-2; Cytokine storm; Panax ginseng; Therapeutic strategies;
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