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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2017.05.006

Ginsenoside Rg1 from Panax ginseng enhances myoblast differentiation and myotube growth  

Go, Ga-Yeon (Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University)
Lee, Sang-Jin (Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University)
Jo, Ayoung (Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University)
Lee, Jaecheol (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine)
Seo, Dong-Wan (College of Pharmacy, Dankook University)
Kang, Jong-Sun (Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute)
Kim, Si-Kwan (Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University)
Kim, Su-Nam (Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Kim, Yong Kee (Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University)
Bae, Gyu-Un (Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University)
Publication Information
Journal of Ginseng Research / v.41, no.4, 2017 , pp. 608-614 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 belongs to protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides and has diverse pharmacological activities. In this report, we investigated whether Rg1 could upregulate muscular stem cell differentiation and muscle growth. Methods: C2C12 myoblasts, MyoD-transfected 10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts, and HEK293T cells were treated with Rg1 and differentiated for 2 d, subjected to immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, or immunoprecipitation. Results: Rg1 activated promyogenic kinases, p38MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and Akt signaling, that in turn promote the heterodimerization with MyoD and E proteins, resulting in enhancing myogenic differentiation. Through the activation of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, Rg1 induced myotube growth and prevented dexamethasone-induced myotube atrophy. Furthermore, Rg1 increased MyoD-dependent myogenic conversion of fibroblast. Conclusion: Rg1 upregulates promyogenic kinases, especially Akt, resulting in improvement of myoblast differentiation and myotube growth.
Keywords
ginsenoside Rg1; myoblast differentiation; myogenic conversion; myotube hypertrophy; promyogenic signaling;
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