[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2016.08.004

Role of ginsenosides, the main active components of Panax ginseng, in inflammatory responses and diseases

Kim, Ji Hye (Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University)
Yi, Young-Su (Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University)
Kim, Mi-Yeon (School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University)
Cho, Jae Youl (Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University)

Publication Information

Journal of Ginseng Research / v.41, no.4, 2017 , pp. 435-443 More about this Journal

Abstract

Panax ginseng is one of the most universally used herbal medicines in Asian and Western countries. Most of the biological activities of ginseng are derived from its main constituents, ginsenosides. Interestingly, a number of studies have reported that ginsenosides and their metabolites/derivatives-including ginsenoside (G)-Rb1, compound K, G-Rb2, G-Rd, G-Re, G-Rg1, G-Rg3, G-Rg5, G-Rh1, G-Rh2, and G-Rp1-exert anti-inflammatory activities in inflammatory responses by suppressing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and regulating the activities of inflammatory signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor- ${\kappa}B$ and activator protein-1. This review discusses recent studies regarding molecular mechanisms by which ginsenosides play critical roles in inflammatory responses and diseases, and provides evidence showing their potential to prevent and treat inflammatory diseases.

Keywords

ginsenosides; inflammation; inflammatory diseases; Panax ginseng; signaling;

Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By KSCI : 3 (Citation Analysis)

Reference
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2	(2017) Biomolecules Regulation of 8-Hydroxydaidzein in IRF3-Mediated Gene Expression in LPS-Stimulated Murine Macrophages / 10 (2) , 238
3	(2020) Molecules Herb–Drug Interaction of Red Ginseng Extract and Ginsenoside Rc with Valsartan in Rats / 25 (3) , 622
4	(2017) Molecules Ginseng Extract Ameliorates the Negative Physiological Effects of Heat Stress by Supporting Heat Shock Response and Improving Intestinal Barrier Integrity: Evidence from Studies with Heat-Stressed Cac / 25 (4) , 835
1	(2020) 韓國藥用作物學會誌 인삼 품종별 뿌리 추출물의 NMDA 수용체 길항 효과 및 진세노사이드 함량 / 28 (1) , 9
3	(2020) Journal of applied microbiology Cooperated biotransformation of ginsenoside extracts into ginsenoside 20(<I>S</I>)‐Rg3 by three thermostable glycosidases / 128 (3) , 721
3	(2017) Natural product communications Advances in Pharmacological Activities of Terpenoids / 15 (3) , 1934578X2090355
3	(2020) Biomolecules Pro-Resolving Effect of Ginsenosides as an Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of <I>Panax ginseng</I> / 10 (3) , 444
3	(2017) Molecular medicine reports Ginsenosides reduce body weight and ameliorate hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-induced obese mice via endoplasmic reticulum stress and p-STAT3/STAT3 signaling / 21 (3) , 1059
4	(2017) Biomolecules Anti-Inflammatory Functions of Alverine via Targeting Src in the NF-κB Pathway / 10 (4) , 611
4	(2017) Biomolecules Src/NF-κB-Targeted Anti-Inflammatory Effects of <I>Potentilla glabra</I> var. Mandshurica (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz. Ethanol Extract / 10 (4) , 648
4	(2017) ACS medicinal chemistry letters Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship of Pyxinol Derivatives as Novel Anti-Inflammatory Agents / 11 (4) , 457
5	(2017) Chemistry & biodiversity Antimelanogenic Activity of Ocotillol‐Type Saponins from <I>Panax vietnamensis</I> / 17 (5) , e2000037
18	(2017) Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Hypoglycemic Effect of Ginsenoside Rg5 Mediated Partly by Modulating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Diabetic db/db Mice / 68 (18) , 5107
5	(2020) Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A Effects of different polyaniline emeraldine compositions in electrodepositing ginsenoside encapsulated poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) microcapsules coating: Physicochemical characterization / 108 (5) , 1171
3	(2017) Journal of traditional and complementary medicine The “Treatise on the spleen and stomach” ( Pí Wèi Lùn ) as the first record of multiple sclerosis in the medical literature – A hypothesis based on the analys / 10 (3) , 288
9	(2020) International journal of molecular sciences Molecular Drug Discovery of Single Ginsenoside Compounds as a Potent Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor / 21 (9) , 3065
5	(2017) Acs applied polymer materials Nitric Oxide Releasing Polyamide Dendrimer with Anti-inflammatory Activity / 2 (5) , 2027
6	(2017) Cell death & disease Ginsenoside Rg3 promotes regression from hepatic fibrosis through reducing inflammation-mediated autophagy signaling pathway / 11 (6) , 454
12	(2017) Molecules Taurine and Ginsenoside Rf Induce BDNF Expression in SH-SY5Y Cells: A Potential Role of BDNF in Corticosterone-Triggered Cellular Damage / 25 (12) , 2819
32	(2017) Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Construction of Ginsenoside Nanoparticles with pH/Reduction Dual Response for Enhancement of Their Cytotoxicity Toward HepG2 Cells / 68 (32) , 8545
18	(2017) International journal of molecular sciences Minor Ginsenoside Rg2 and Rh1 Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Liver and Kidney Damages via Downregulating Activation of TLR4-STAT1 and Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Macrophages / 21 (18) , 6656
33	(2017) New journal of chemistry Highly regioselective bioconversion of ginsenoside Re into 20(S/R)-Rf2 by an optimized culture of <I>Cordyceps sinensis</I> / 44 (33) , 14005
16	(2020) Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry The Advances on the Protective Effects of Ginsenosides on Myocardial Ischemia and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury / 20 (16) , 1610
19	(2020) Molecules Diversity of Ginsenoside Profiles Produced by Various Processing Technologies / 25 (19) , 4390
11	(2017) Phytotherapy research : PTR Ginsenoside Rd therapy improves histological and functional recovery in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease / 34 (11) , 3019
49	(2020) Journal of physics. D, applied physics Biochemical and molecular characterization of enhanced growth of <I>Panax ginseng</I> C. A. Meyer treated with atmospheric pressure plasma / 53 (49) , 494001
24	(2017) Molecules <I>Panax quinquefolius</I> (North American Ginseng) Polysaccharides as Immunomodulators: Current Research Status and Future Directions / 25 (24) , 5854
51	(2017) Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vina-Ginsenoside R4 from <I>Panax ginseng</I> Leaves Alleviates 6-OHDA-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells Via the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway / 68 (51) , 15239
1	(2017) Medicinal research reviews Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases / 41 (1) , 630
1	(2017) Food and agricultural immunology Effects of Ginsenoside Rf on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice / 32 (1) , 360
1	(2017) Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin The Japanese Herbal (Kampo) Medicine Hochuekkito Attenuates Lung Inflammation in Lung Emphysema / 44 (1) , 39
None	(2017) Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology Changes in the Leaf Physiological Characteristics and Tissue-Specific Distribution of Ginsenosides in Panax ginseng During Flowering Stage Under Cold Stress / 9 (None) , 637324
None	(2021) Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM Effective Material Basis and Mechanism Analysis of Compound Banmao Capsule against Tumors Using Integrative Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking / 2021 (None) , 1
None	(2017) Neural plasticity Ginsenoside Rg1 Prevents Cognitive Impairment and Hippocampal Neuronal Apoptosis in Experimental Vascular Dementia Mice by Promoting GPR30 Expression / 2021 (None) , 1
None	(2017) Frontiers in pharmacology Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury by Inhibiting Steatosis, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation / 12 (None) , 616409
2	(2017) Food & function Fermented ginseng attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses by activating the TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway and remediating gut barrier / 12 (2) , 852
2	(2021) Biomedicines Anti-Metastatic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition by Ginsenosides / 9 (2) , 198
6	(2021) Molecules Olea europaea Suppresses Inflammation by Targeting TAK1-Mediated MAP Kinase Activation / 26 (6) , 1540
5	(2017) Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Identification of Specific Glycosyltransferases Involved in Flavonol Glucoside Biosynthesis in Ginseng Using Integrative Metabolite Profiles, DIA Proteomics, and Phylogenetic Analysis / 69 (5) , 1714
3	(2017) Cells Panax ginseng-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Facilitate Anti-Senescence Effects in Human Skin Cells: An Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Way to Use Ginseng Substances / 10 (3) , 486
1	(2021) Mass spectrometry letters Correlation between the Content and Pharmacokinetics of Ginsenosides from Four Different Preparation of Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer in Rats / 12 (1) , 16
4	(2017) Pharmaceuticals Fermentation Strategies for Production of Pharmaceutical Terpenoids in Engineered Yeast / 14 (4) , 295
4	(2017) Korean journal of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery Ginsenoside Rb1 Attenuates TGF-β1-Induced MUC4/5AC Expression and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Airway Epithelial Cells / 64 (4) , 232
9	(2017) Molecules Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. Ethanol Extract Has Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects In Vitro and In Vivo by Targeting the IRAK1/AP-1 Pathway / 26 (9) , 2529
10	(2017) Molecules TAK1/AP-1-Targeted Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Barringtonia augusta Methanol Extract / 26 (10) , 3053
3	(2017) Journal of ginseng research The effect of ginsenosides on depression in preclinical studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis / 45 (3) , 420
5	(2017) Life Transcriptome-Wide Analysis for Ginsenoside Rb3 Synthesis-Related Genes and Study on the Expression of Methyl Jasmonate Treatment in Panax ginseng / 11 (5) , 387
2	(2017) Experimental and therapeutic medicine Pharmacological activities of ginsenoside Rg5 (Review) / 22 (2) , 840
None	(2021) Pharmacological research : the official journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society Ginsenosides in vascular remodeling: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic action / 169 (None) , 105647
13	(2017) Molecules Pharmacological Efficacy of Ginseng against Respiratory Tract Infections / 26 (13) , 4095
7	(2017) Pharmaceutics Improved Hygroscopicity and Bioavailability of Solid Dispersion of Red Ginseng Extract with Silicon Dioxide / 13 (7) , 1022
8	(2021) Processes Anti-Cancer Effect of Panax Ginseng and Its Metabolites: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery / 9 (8) , 1344
2	(2017) Archives of clinical and experimental medicine Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Red Ginseng on Lipid Profile, Endothelial and Oxidative Damage after Splenectomy in Rats / 6 (2) , 43
7	(2017) European journal of cell biology Inhibition of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 signaling pathway in the prevention of ALS: Target inhibitors and influences on neurological dysfunctions / 100 (7) , 151179
18	(2021) International journal of molecular sciences Wound Healing Effect of Gintonin Involves Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Keratinocytes / 22 (18) , 10155
9	(2017) Pharmaceutics Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Ginsenosides in Mice / 13 (9) , 1496
19	(2017) Molecules Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Ocotillol Derivatives and Their Synergistic Effects with Conventional Antibiotics / 26 (19) , 5969
11	(2017) Heliyon The promising therapeutic potentials of ginsenosides mediated through p38 MAPK signaling inhibition / 7 (11) , e08354
None	(2022) Journal of ethnopharmacology A novel strategy to reveal clinical advantages and molecular mechanism of aidi injection in the treatment of pancreatic cancer based on network meta-analysis and network pharmacology / 285 (None) , 114852