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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2015.03.001

Inhibitory mechanism of Korean Red Ginseng on GM-CSF expression in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes  

Chung, Ira (Department of Genetic Engineering and the Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University)
Lee, Jieun (Department of Genetic Engineering and the Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University)
Park, Young Sun (Department of Genetic Engineering and the Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University)
Lim, Yeji (Eunkwang Girl's High School)
Chang, Do Hyeon (Gyeonggi Science High School for the Gifted)
Park, Jongil (Department of Genetic Engineering and the Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University)
Hwang, Jae Sung (Department of Genetic Engineering and the Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University)
Publication Information
Journal of Ginseng Research / v.39, no.4, 2015 , pp. 322-330 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: UV-irradiated keratinocytes secrete various proinflammatory cytokines. UV-induced skin damage is mediated by growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines such as granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In a previous study, we found that the saponin of Korean Red Ginseng (SKRG) decreased the expression of GM-CSF in UVB-irradiated SP-1 keratinocytes. In this study, we attempted to find the inhibitory mechanism of SKRG on UVB-induced GM-CSF expression in SP-1 keratinocytes. Methods: We investigated the inhibitory mechanism of SKRG and ginsenosides from Panax ginseng on UVB-induced GM-CSF expression in SP-1 keratinocytes. Results: Treatment with SKRG decreased the expression of GM-CSF mRNA and protein induced by irradiation of UVB in SP-1 keratinocytes. The phosphorylation of ERK was induced by UVB at 10 min, and decreased with SKRG treatment in SP-1 keratinocytes. In addition, treatment with SKRG inhibited the UVB-induced phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is known to be an upstream signal of ERK. From these results, we found that the inhibition of GM-CSF expression by SKRG was derived from the decreased phosphorylation of EGFR. To identify the specific compound composing SKRG, we tested fifteen kinds of ginsenosides. Among these compounds, ginsenoside-Rh3 decreased the expression of GM-CSF protein and mRNA in SP-1 keratinocytes. Conclusion: Taken together, we found that treatment with SKRG decreased the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK in UVB-irradiated SP-1 keratinocytes and subsequently inhibited the expression of GM-CSF. Furthermore, we identified ginsenoside-Rh3 as the active saponin in Korean Red Ginseng.
Keywords
ginsenoside-Rh3; GM-CSF; Korean Red Ginseng; Panax ginseng; UVB;
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