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http://dx.doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2005.29.1.019

Ginseng and ion channels: Are ginsenosides, active component of Panax ginseng, differential modulator of ion channels?  

Jeong, Sang-Min (Research Laboratory for the Study of Ginseng Signal Transduction and Dept. of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University)
Nah, Seung-Yeol (Research Laboratory for the Study of Ginseng Signal Transduction and Dept. of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University)
Publication Information
Journal of Ginseng Research / v.29, no.1, 2005 , pp. 19-26 More about this Journal
Abstract
The last two decades have shown a marked expansion in publications of diverse effects of Panax ginseng. Ginsenosides, as active ingredients of Panax ginseng, are saponins found in only ginseng. Recently, a line of evidences shows that ginsenosides regulate various types of ion channel activity such as $Ca^{2+},\;K^+,\;Na^+,\;Cl^-$, or ligand gated ion channels (i.e. $5-HT_3$, nicotinic acetylcholine, or NMDA receptor) in neuronal, non-neuronal cells, and heterologously expressed cells. Ginsenosides inhibit voltage-dependent $Ca^{2+},\;K^+,\;and\;Na^+$ channels, whereas ginsenosides activate $Ca^{2+}-activated\;Cl^-\;and\;Ca^{2+}-activated\;K^+$ channels. Ginsenosides also inhibit excitatory ligand-gated ion channels such as $5-HT_3$, nicotinic acetylcholine, and NMDA receptors. This review will introduce recent findings on the ginsenoside-induced differential regulations of ion channel activities and will further expand the possibilities how these ginsenoside-induced ion channel regulations are coupled to biological effects of Panax ginseng.
Keywords
Panax ginseng; ginsenoside; ion channel; ligand-gated ion channel; differential regulation;
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