Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9710/kjm.2015.31.2.123

Effect of β-glucan on immune parameters in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum  

Nam, Ki-Woong (Faculty of Applied Marine Biosciences, Kunsan National University)
Park, Kyung-il (Faculty of Applied Marine Biosciences, Kunsan National University)
Publication Information
The Korean Journal of Malacology / v.31, no.2, 2015 , pp. 123-127 More about this Journal
Abstract
${\beta}$-Glucan is a polysaccharide that is widely used as an adductive in fish feed to facilitate immune stimulation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ${\beta}$-glucan on immune responses in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. For this purpose, three groups of R. philippinarum were exposed to 0%, 0.1%, or 1% ${\beta}$-glucan in sea water for 1 hr/day for 2 weeks using an immersion method. Thereafter, two immune parameters-phagocytic rate and antibacterial activity-were measured. R. philippinarum exposed to 1% ${\beta}$-glucan showed an approximate 30% significant increase in phagocytic rate. In addition, ${\beta}$-glucan significantly limited the growth of the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio tapetis, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. ordalii. Moreover, the mortality rates of ${\beta}$-glucan-treated clams decreased during a 17-day experiment. Our study suggests that treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan significantly increases the immune responses in R. philippinarum, and that immersion is a simple and effective method for immune stimulation in this species.
Keywords
${\beta}$-lucan; Ruditapes philippinarum; immune stimulation; antibacterial activity;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Diao, J., Ye, H.B., Yu, X.Q., Xu, Y.F., La,. Li, T.B. and Wang Y.Q. (2013) Adjuvant and immunostimulatory effects of LPS and ${\beta}$-glucan on immune response in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 156: 167-175.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Ghaedi, G., Keyvanshokooh, S., Azarm, H.M. and Akhlaghi, M. (2015) Effects of dietary ${\beta}$-glucan on maternal immunity and fry quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 441: 78-83.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Hetland, G., Johnson, E., Eide, D.M., Grinde, B., Samuelsen, A.B.C. and Wiker, H. G. (2013) Antimicrobial effects of ${\beta}$-glucans and pectin and of the Agaricus blazei based mushroom extract, AndoSanTM. Examples of mouse models for pneumococcal-, fecal bacterial-, and mycobacterial infections. In: Microbial pathogens and strategies for combating them: science, technology and education Vol 2. (ed. by Mendez-Vilas, A.). pp. 889-898. Formatex, Badajoz Spain.
4 Lopez-Joven, C., de Blas, I., Ruiz-Zarzuela, I., Furones, M.D. and Roque, A. (2011) Experimental uptake and retention of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in two species of clams: Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes philippinarum. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 111(1): 197-208.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Medzhitov, R. and Janeway, Jr. C.A. (1997) Innate immunity: the virtues of a nonclonal system of recognition. Cell, 91: 295-298.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Mueller, A., Raptis, J., Rice, P.J., Kalbfleisch, J.H., Stout, R.D., Ensley, H.E., Browder, W. and Williams, D.L. (2000) The influence of glucan polymer structure and solution conformation on binding to (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan receptors in a human monocyte-like cell line. Glycobiology, 10(4): 339-46.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Park, K.I. (2013) Variation of nitric oxide concentrations in response to shaking stress in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Korean Journal of Malacology, 29: 1-6.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Park, K.-I., Paillard, C., Chevalier, P. and Choi, K.-S. (2006) Report on the occurrence of brown ring disease (BRD) in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, on the west coast of Korea. Aquaculture, 255: 610-613.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Park, S.O. and Kim, J. (2012) Functional food for immune regulation - beta-glucan. Food Science and Industry, 45: 39-47.
10 Pipe, R.K. (1992) Generation of reactive oxygen metabolites by the haemocytes of the mussel Mytilus edulis. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 16: 111-122.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Ruiz, P., Poblete, M., Yanez, A.J., Irgang, R., Toranzo, A.E. and Avendano-Herrera, R. (2015) Cell-surface properties of Vibrio ordalii strains isolated from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in Chilean farms. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 113: 9-23.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Sirimanapong, W., Adams, A., Ooi E.L., Green, M.D., Nguyen, D.K., Browdy, L,C., Collet, B. and Kim, D.T. (2015) The effects of feeding immunostimulant ${\beta}$-glucan on the immune response of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 45: 357-366.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Torreilles, J, Guerin, M.C. and Roch, P. (1997) Peroxidase-release associated with phagocytosis in Mytilus galloprovincialis haemocytes. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 21: 267-275.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Tzianabos, A.O. (2000) Polysaccharide immunomodulators as therapeutic agents:structural aspects and biologic function. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 13: 523-533.   DOI
15 Brogden, G., Krimmling, T., Adame, K.M., Naim, H.Y., Steinhagen, D. and von Kockritz-Blickwede, M. (2014) The effect of b-glucan on formation and functionality of neutrophil extracellular traps in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 44: 280-285.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Wongsasak, U., Chaijamrus, S., Kumkhong, S. and Boonanuntanasarn, S. (2015) Effects of dietary supplementation with ${\beta}$-glucan and synbiotics on immune gene expression and immune parameters under ammonia stress in Pacific white shrimp. Aquaculture, 436: 179-187.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Zhao, Y., Ma, H., Zhang, W., Ai, Q., Mai, K., Xu, Wang, X. and Liufu, Z. (2011) Effects of dietary ${\beta}$-glucan on the growth, immune responses and resistance of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus against Vibrio splendidus infection. Aquaculture, 315(3): 269-274.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Ainsworth, A.J. (1994) A ${\beta}$-glucan inhibitable zymosan receptor on channel catfish neutrophils. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 41: 141-152.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Allam, B. and Raftos, D. (in press). Immune responses to infectious diseases in bivalves. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.
20 Aderem, A. and Ulevitch, R.J. (2000) Toll-like receptors in the induction of the innate immune response. Nature, 406: 782-787.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Costa, M.M., Novoa, B. and Figueras, A. (2008) Influence of ${\beta}$-glucans on the immune responses of carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 24(5): 498-505.   DOI   ScienceOn