Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5850/JKSCT.2009.33.12.1897

Exploratory Correlation Analysis among Age Identity, Proximity of Clothing to Self, and Self-Actualization for Older Persons in the United States  

Lee, Young-A (Dept. of Apparel, Educational Studies, & Hospitality Management, Iowa State University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles / v.33, no.12, 2009 , pp. 1897-1909 More about this Journal
Abstract
This large-scale research project contributes to the theory development in the importance of clothing to the self and in the way that older persons might age successfully by fulfilling the need for self-actualization by incorporating a primary resource environment, such as clothing into their self-system. This paper presents one research objective from a lager project that explores the correlations among the Proximity of Clothing to Self (PCS), age identity (subjective or perceived age), and self-actualization (the highest level of human needs). A mail survey design was applied to this study. In November 2004, two questionnaires, Clothing: A Resource for Successful Aging? (to measure PCS, age identity, and demographic variables) and Personal Orientation Inventory (to measure self-actualization), were sent to 1,700 older persons in the U.S. and 195 completed usable questionnaires were returned (12% response rate). This research discovered that the age identity of older persons did not relate with PCS except for those 85 years and over. There were negative correlations among subscales of PCS and self-actualization. This result can be interpreted as that an older person who has not met the highest level of needs yet, can use clothing as a facilitator or need satisfier to meet a higher level of Self-Actualization (SA). Correlation analyses also revealed that older persons in the age category of 75 to 84 years were different from those in the category of 65 to 74 years and 85 years and over. This result implies that older persons in this age category are undergoing more psychological transitions than those in other categories. Further research is necessary to explore the relationship of several SA subscales with various clothing variables such as clothing interest, clothing involvement, or clothing satisfaction.
Keywords
Age identity; Older persons; Proximity of clothing to self; Self-Actualization;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Lee, J. (1997). Proximity of clothing to self: Its relationship to self-perception, clothing deprivation and gender among adolescents. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing
2 Lee, Y. A. (2005). Older persons' successful aging: Relationships among proximity of clothing to self, age identity, and self-actualization. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing
3 Lee, Y. A. (2007). A conceptual model for studying the impact of clothing, self-actualization, and psychographic variables on successful aging. The Gerontologist: 60th annual scientific meeting 'The era of global aging: Challenges & opportunities,' 47(1), 710-711
4 Lee, Y. A., & Sontag, M. S. (2007). Validation of the proximity of clothing to self scale for older persons. Journal of Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 31(6), 848-858   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers
6 Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1998). Successful aging. New York: A Dell Trade Paperback
7 Shostrom, E. L. (1987). Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) manual. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Service
8 Sontag, M. S. (1978). Clothing as an indicator of perceived quality of life. Doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing
9 U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2005). Current population reports, 65+ in the United States: 2005 (No. P23-209). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office
10 Lynn, M. L. (1990). Proximity of clothing to self: Implications for the elderly consumer. Unpublished master's thesis. University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana
11 Vreeman, A. L. (1985) Apparel purchase behavior: An investigation of apparel as a high involvement product. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana
12 Chowdhary, U. (1988). Self-esteem, age identification, and media exposure of the elderly and their relationship to fashionability. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 7(1), 23-30   DOI
13 Barak, B. (1987). Cognitive age: A new multidimentional approach to measuring age identity. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 25(2), 109-128   DOI
14 Pederson, E. L. (1989). Clothing: A basic human need? Home Economics FORUM, 3(2), 18-19
15 Sontag, M. S., & Schlater, J. D. (1982). Proximity of clothing to self: Evolution of a concept. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 1, 1-8   DOI
16 U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2001). The 65 years and over population: 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office
17 Chowdhary, U. (2000). Correlates of apparel significance among older men and women. Journal of Consumer Studies and Home Economics, 24(3), 150-159   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Baum, S. K., & Boxley, R. L. (1983). Age identification in the elderly. The Gerontologist, 23, 532-537   DOI
19 Sontag, M. S., & Lee, J. N. (2004). Proximity of clothing to self scale. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 22(4), 161-177   DOI
20 Linn, M. W., & Hunter, K. (1979). Perception of age in the elderly. Journal of Gerontology, 34, 46-52   DOI
21 Creekmore, A. M. (1974). Clothing related to body satisfaction and perceived peer self (Research Report No. 239). East Lansing, MI: Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station
22 Pasnak, M. F. D., & Ayres, R. W. (1969). Clothing attitudes and personality characteristics of fashion innovators. Journal of Home Economics, 61(9), 698-702
23 Salant, P., & Dillman, D. A. (1994). How to conduct your own survey. New York: Wiley
24 Combs, A. W., & Snygg, D. (1959). Individual behavior: A perceptual approach to behavior. New York: Harper and Brothers