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http://dx.doi.org/10.14478/ace.2019.1027

Ecotoxicity Assessment of 1,4-Dioxane and Dichloromethane in Industrial Effluent Using Daphnia magna  

Choi, Jae Won (School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan)
Lee, Sun Hee (Ulsan Institute of Health & Environment)
Lee, Hak Sung (School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan)
Publication Information
Applied Chemistry for Engineering / v.30, no.4, 2019 , pp. 466-471 More about this Journal
Abstract
1,4-dioxane and dichloromethane are classified as carcinogenic groups in the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). They are frequently released at high concentrations in an industrial wastewater effluent. The acute toxicity (24 h) of Daphnia magna for 7.53 mg/L of 1,4-dioxane in the industrial effluent was evaluated as 1.1 TU (toxic unit) and showed TU close to the effluent quality standard. Mixed substances of 1,4-dioxane and dichloromethane in the industrial effluent showed relatively high TU as compared to that of a single substance. Half maximal effective concentration (24 h $EC_{50}$) values of 1,4-dioxane and dichloromethane for the synthetic wastewater prepared in laboratory were 1,744 (0.06 TU) and 170 mg/L (0.6 TU), respectively and the toxicity was low. Nevertheless the toxicological evaluation of the mixture showed that TU values increased to 0.02, 0.04 and 0.10, respectively as 1, 5 and 10 ppm of dichloromethane was added to 100 ppm of 1,4-dioxane. And the synergistic effect was observed between two substances. But the TU value of synthetic wastewater was below 5%, lower than that of industrial effluent at the similar concentration.
Keywords
Ecotoxicity; 1,4-Dioxane; Dichloromethane; Daphnia magna; $EC_{50}$;
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