Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14478/ace.2015.1068

Combustive Properties of Specimens Treated with Methylenepiperazinomethyl-Bis-Phosphonic Acid (Mn+)s  

Chung, Yeong-Jin (Dept. of Fire Protection Engineering, Kangwon National University)
Publication Information
Applied Chemistry for Engineering / v.26, no.4, 2015 , pp. 505-510 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to test the combustive properties of pinus rigida specimens treated with methylpiperazinomethyl-bis-phosphonic acid $M^{n+}$ ($PIPEABPM^{n+}$)s and methylpiperazinomethyl-bis-phosphonic acid (PIPEABP). Each pinus rigida plates were painted three times with 15 wt% $PIPEABPM^{n+}s$ or PIPEABP solutions at the room temperature. After drying specimens treated with chemicals, combustive properties were examined by the cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). It was indicated that the speed to peak mass loss rate ($MLR_{peak}$), (0.104~0.121) g/s for specimens treated with $PIPEABPM^{n+}s$ was lower than that of PIPEABP plate. In addition, the total smoke release rate (TSRR), $(224.4{\sim}484.0)m^2/m^2$ for $PIPEABPM^{n+}s$ treated specimens except specimen treated with PIPEABPAl3+ and $CO_{mean}$ production (0.0537~0.0628) kg/kg was smaller than that of PIPEABP plate. In particular, for the specimens treated with $PIPEABPM^{n+}$ by reducing the smoke production rate, the second-smoke production rate (2nd-SPR) $(0.0117{\sim}0.0146)m^2/s$ was lower than that of PIPEABP plate. It can thus be concluded that combustion-retardation properties of the treated $PIPEABPM^{n+}s$ were partially improved compared to those of the virgin plate.
Keywords
methylenepiperazinomethyl-bis-phosphonic acid $M^{n+}$ ($PIPEABPM^{n+}$); peak mass loss rate ($MLR_{peak}$); total smoke release rate (TSRR); $CO_{mean}$ production;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 P. W. Lee and J. H. Kwon, Effects of the Treated Chemicals on Fire Retardancy of Fire Retardant Treated Particle Boards, Mogjae-Gonghak, 11(5), 16-22 (1983).
2 T. S. Mcknight, The Hygroscopicity of Wood Treated With Fire-Retarding Compounds, Fore. Prod. Res. Branch, Dep. of Forestry, Canada. Report No. 190 (1962).
3 J. C. Middleton, S. M. Dragoner, and F. T. Winters, Jr. An Evaluation of Borates and Other Inorganic Salts as Fire Retardants for Wood Products, Fore. Prod. J., 15(12), 463-467 (1965).
4 I. S. Goldstein and W. A. Dreher, A. Non-Hygroscopic Fire Retardant Treatment for Wood, Froe. Prod. J., 11(5), 235-237 (1961).
5 R. Kozlowski and M. Hewig, 1st Int Conf. Progress in Flame Retardancy and Flammability Testing, Pozman, Poland, Institute of Natural Fibres (1995).
6 R. Stevens, S. E. Daan, R. Bezemer, and A. Kranenbarg, The Strucure-Activity Relationship of Retardant Phosphorus Compounds in Wood, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 91(4), 832-841 (2006).   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Y. J. Chung, Y. H. Kim, and S. B. Kim, Flame Retardant Properties of Polyurethane Produced by the Addition of Phosphorous Containing Polyurethane Oligomers (II), J. Ind. Eng. 15(6), 888-893 (2009).   DOI
8 Y. J. Chung, Flame Retardancy of Veneers Treated by Ammonium Salts, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(3), 251-255 (2007).
9 M. L. Hardy, Regulatory Status and Environmental Properties of Brominated Flame Retardants Undergoing Risk Assessment in the EU: DBDPO, OBDPO, PeBDPO and HBCD, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 64(3), 545-556 (1999).   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Y. Tanaka, Epoxy Resin Chemistry and Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York (1988).
11 V. Babrauskas, New Technology to Reduce Fire Losses and Costs, Eds. S. J. Grayson and D. A. Smith, Elsevier Appied Science Publisher, London, UK. (1986).
12 M. M. Hirschler, Thermal Decomposition and Chemical Composition, 239, ACS Symposium Series 797 (2001).
13 M. H. Park and Y. J. Chung, Combustive Properties of Pinus Risids Plates Painted with Alkylenediaminoalkyl-Bis-Phosphonic Acid ($M^{2+}), Fire Sci. Eng., 28(6), 28-34 (2014).   DOI   ScienceOn
14 ISO 5660-1, Reaction-to-Fire Tests-Heat Release, Smoke Production and Mass Loss Rate-Part 1: Heat Release Rate (Cone Calorimeter Method), Genever (2002).
15 Korean Patent, Organic Phosphorus-Nitrogen Compounds, Manufacturing Method and Compositions of Flame Retardants Containing Organic Phosphorus-Nitrogen Compounds, No. 10-2011-0034978 (2011).
16 Y. J. Chung and E. Jin, Synthesis of Alkylenediaminoalkyl-Bis-Phosphonic Acid Derivatives, J. of Korean Oil Chemist's Soc., 30(1), 1-8 (2013).   DOI
17 E. Jin and Y. J. Chung, Combustion Characteristics of Pinus Rigida Plates Painted with Alkylenediaminoalkyl-Bis-Phosphonic Acid ($M^{2+}), Fire Sci. Eng., 27(6), 70-76 (2013).   DOI
18 O. Grexa, E. Horvathova, O. Besinova, and P. Lehocky, Falme Retardant Treated Plyood, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 64(3), 529-533 (1999).   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Cischem Com, Flame Retardants, Chischem. Com. CO., Ltd, (2009).
20 J. C. Kotz, P. M. Treichel, and G. C. Weaver, electron Transfer Reactions, Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Sixth Ed., Thomson Learning, Inc., Toronto, Canada (2006).
21 E. Jin and Y. J. Chung, Combustion Characteristics of Wood Specimens Treated with Methylenepiperazinomethyl-Bis-Phosphonic Acid ($M^{n+})s, Fire Sci. Eng., 28(3), 55-61 (2014).   DOI   ScienceOn
22 ISO 5660-2, Reaction-to-Fire Tests-Heat Release, Smoke Production and Mass Loss Rate-Part 2: Smoke Production Rate Heat (Dynamic Measurement), Genever (2002).
23 M. M. Hirscher, Reduction of smoke formation from and flammability of thermoplastic polymers by metal oxides, Polymer, 25, 405-411 (1984).   DOI   ScienceOn
24 V. Babrauskas, The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, Fourth Ed., National Fire Protection Association, Massatusetts, U.S.A. (2008).
25 J. G. Quintire, Principles of Fire Behavior, Chap. 5, Cengage Learning, Delmar, U.S.A. (1998).
26 A. P. Mourituz, Z. Mathys, and A. G. Gibson, Heat Release of Polymer Composites in Fire, Composites: Part A, 38(7), 1040-1054 (2005).
27 J. Zhang, D. D. Jiang, and C. A. Wilkie, Thermal and flame properties of polyethylene and polypropylene nanocomposites based on an oligomerically-modified clay, Polm. Degrad. Stab., 91, 298-304 (2006).   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Y. J. Chung, H. M. Lim, E. Jin, and J. K. Oh, Combustion-retardation properties of low density polyethylene and etylene vinyl acetate mixtures with magnesium hydroxide, Appl. Chem. Eng., 22, 439-443 (2011).
29 R. S. Berns, Billmeyer and Saltszman's Principles of Color Technology, Wiley Intersciences (2000).
30 M. J. Spearpoint and G. J. Quintiere, Predicting the Burning of Wood Using an Integral Model, Combustion and Flame, 123, 308-325 (2000).   DOI   ScienceOn
31 S. Ishihara, Smoke and Toxic Gases Produced During Fire, Wood Resh. Tech. Notes, 16(5), 49-62 (1981).