Browse > Article

Combustion-Retardation Properties of Pinus rigida Treated with Ammonium Salts  

Chung, Yeong-Jin (Department of Fire & Disaster Prevention, Kangwon National University)
Jin, Eui (Fire & Disaster Prevention Research Center, Kangwon National University)
Publication Information
Applied Chemistry for Engineering / v.21, no.6, 2010 , pp. 627-631 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to test the combustion-retardation properties of Pinus rigida-based materials by the treatment of ammonium salts. Pinus rigida plate was soaked by the treatment with three 20 wt% ammonium salt solutions consisting ammonium sulfate (AMSF), monoammonium phosphate (MAPP), and diammonium phosphate (DAPP), respectively, at the room temperature. After the drying specimen treated with chemicals, combustion properties were examined by the cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). When the ammonium salts were used as the retardant for Pinus rigida, the flame retardancy improved due to the treated ammonium salts in the virgin Pinus rigida. However the specimen shows increasing CO over virgin Pinus rigida and It is supposed that toxicities depend on extents. Also, the specimen with ammonium sulfate showed both the lower total smoke release (TSR) and lower total smoke production (TSP) than those of virgin plate. Among the specimens, the sample treated with diammonium phosphate showed a strong inhibitory effect of combustion.
Keywords
ammonium salts; flame retardancy; total smoke release (TSR); combustion properties;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 0
연도 인용수 순위
1 M. J. Spearpoint and G. J. Quintiere, Combust. Flame, 123, 308 (2000).   DOI   ScienceOn
2 M. J. Spearpoint and G. J. Quintiere, Combust. Flame, 123, 308 (2000).   DOI   ScienceOn
3 M. L. Hardy, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 64, 545 (1999).   DOI   ScienceOn
4 J. J. Brenden, How Wine Inorganic Salts Affected Smoke Yield From Donglas-five Plywood, P. B, U.S. Forest Service, Research Paper FPL-249 (1975).
5 W. T. Simpso, Wood Handbook-Wood as an Engineering Material, Chap.12, Forest Product Laboratory U.S.D.A., Forest Service Madison, Wisconsine, U.S.A. (1987).
6 M. Delichatsios, B. Paroz, and A. Bhargava, Fire Saf. J., 38, 219 (2003).   DOI   ScienceOn
7 V. Babrauskas, The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, Fourth ed., National Fire Protection Association, Massatusetts, U.S.A. (2008).
8 E. Baysal, M. Altinok, M. Colak, S. K. Ozaki, and H. Toker, Bioresour. Technol., 98, 1101 (2007).   DOI   ScienceOn
9 J. G. Quintire, Principles of Fire Behavior, Chap. 5, Cengage Learning, Delmar, U.S.A. (1998).
10 J. G. Quintiere, A Semi-quantitative Model for the Burning Rate of Solid Materials, NISTIR 4840, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, M.D., U.S.A. (1992).
11 Y. J. Chung, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 18, 251 (2007).
12 ISO 5660-1, Genever (2002).
13 N. Boonme and J. G. Quintiere, Thirtieth Symposioum (International) on combustion, The Combustion Institute, 30, 2303 (2005).
14 Y. Tanaka, Epoxy Resin chemistry and Technology, Marcel Dekker, New York (1988).
15 N. Boonmee and J. G. Quintiere, Twenty-ninth Symposium (international) on combustion, 29, 289, The Combustion Institute (2002).
16 M. M. Hirschler, Adv. Combust. Toxicol., 2, 229 (1990).
17 E. Mikkola, Fire Safety Science, Proceedings of the Third International Symposium, 547, Elsevier, Applied Science, London (1991).
18 R. Kozlowski and M. Helwig, Progress in flame retardancy and flammability testing, 1st int conf. Progess in flame Retardancy and Flammability Testing, Institute of Natural Fibres, Poznan, Poland (1995).
19 S. L. LeVan, Chemistry of fire Retardancy, ed. R. Rowell, The chemistry of solid wood, 531, American Chemical Society, Washington D. C. (1984).