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Accomplishments of Rayleigh's Experimental Research: Improvement of Instruments and Enhancement of Precision  

구자현 (서울대학교 과학사 및 과학철학 협동과정)
Publication Information
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea / v.22, no.2, 2003 , pp. 113-120 More about this Journal
Abstract
Rayleigh was an excellent experimenter as well as a theorist. Rayleigh improved Rijke's sounding device by heat and the singing flame into sources of pure tones. Above all, his making of the artificial bird whistle was a critical achievement in the improvement of experimental sound sources. This source made supersonic waves available in the laboratory and thus paved the way to confirmable observations of reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference of sound in the laboratory Furthermore, Rayleigh augmented the sensitivity of sensitive flames as detectors for sound wave. Besides, he devised a phonic wheel which could precisely control the angular velocity of some acoustical instruments and made the Rayleigh-disk that enabled experimenters to measure the absolute value of the sound intensity. These devices enhanced the exactness of acoustical experiments.
Keywords
Rayleigh; Singing flame; Artificial bird call; Sensitive flame; Phonic wheel; Rayleigh-disk;
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