Browse > Article

The Effect of Online Brand Community Commitment on Brand Loyalty  

Kwahk, Kee-Young (국민대학교 경영대학 경영정보학부)
Ock, Jung-Bong (국민대학교 비즈니스IT 전문대학원)
Publication Information
Abstract
As brand is increasingly important as a competitive source and information and communication technology based on Internet is rapidly advanced, many companies have paid attention to online brand community that is expected to help strengthen the customer's awareness on their products and services. This study suggests four factors-interaction, purpose, playfulness, reward-that facilitate online brand community commitment, and examines the effect of online brand community commitment on brand loyalty from the perspective of social identity theory. For this purpose, 243 sample data were collected from three online brand community sites and the proposed research model was empirically tested using LISREL 8.7 based on structural equation model. In conclusion, this study proposed theoretical and practical implications along with its limitations and future studies.
Keywords
Brand Loyalty; Interaction; Purpose; Playfulness; Reward; Brand Community Commitment;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 McAlexander, J.H., J.W. Schouten, and H.F. Koenig, "Building Brand Community," The Journal of Marketing, Vol.66, No.1(2002), pp. 38-54.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Lin, C.S., S.Wu and R.J. Tsai, "Integrating perceived playfulness into expectation-confirmation model for web portal context," Information and Management, Vol.42(2005), pp. 683-693.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Kozinets, R.V., "The Field behind the Screen : Using Netnography for Marketing Research in Online Communities," Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.39, No.1(2002), pp.61-72.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Kusumasondjaja, S., "Trust and Commitment Relationships in Virtual Brand Community," Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference, Melbourne, 2009.
5 Lin, C.A., "Online Service Adoption Likelihood," Journal of Advertising Research, (Mar/ Apr. 1999), pp.79-89.
6 Ko, H.J., C.H. Cho, and M. Roberts, "Internet Uses and Gratifications," Journal of Advertising, Vol.34, No.2(2005), pp.57-70.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Kim, A.J., Community Building on the Web, Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc. Boston, MA, USA, 2000.
8 Kozinets, R.V., "E-Tribalized Marketing? : The Strategic Implications of Virtual Communities of Consumption," European Management Journal, Vol.17, No.3(1999), pp.252- 264.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Keller, K.L., "Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-Based Brand Equity," The Journal of Marketing, Vol.57, No.1(1993), pp.1-22.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Keller K.L., Strategic brand management, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA, 2003.
11 Kim, J.W., J.H. Choi, W. Qualls, and K.S. Han, "It takes a marketplace community to raise brand commitment : the role of online communities," Journal of Marketing Management, Vol.24, No.3-4(2008), pp.409-431.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Huang, M., "Designing website attributes to induce experiential encounters," Computer in Human Behavior, Vol.19(2003), pp.425-442.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Jang, H.Y., L. Olfman, I.S. Ko, and K.T. Kim, "The Influence of On-Line Brand Community Characteristics on Community Commitment and Brand Loyalty," International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol.12, No.3(2008), pp. 57-80.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Hoffman, D.L. and T.P. Novak, "Flow Online : Lessons Learned and Future Prospects," The Journal of Interactive Marketing, Vol. 23, No.1(2009), pp.23-34.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Williams, L.J. and J.T. Hazer, "Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction and Commitment in Turnover Models : A Reanalysis Using Latent Variable Structural Equation Methods," Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.71, No.2(1986), pp.219-231.   DOI
16 Woszczynski, A.B., P.L. Roth, and A.H. Segars, "Exploring the theoretical foundations of playfulness in computer interactions," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.18(2002), pp. 369-388.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Joreskog, K.G. and D. Sorbom, Structural Equation Modeling with the SIMPLIS Command Language, Chicago : Scientific Software International Inc., 1993.
18 Kang, I.W., K.C. Lee, S.J. Lee and J.H. Choi, "Investigation of online community voluntary behavior using cognitive map," Computer in Human Behavior, Vol.23(2007), pp.111-126.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Katz, E., H. Haas and M. Gurevitch, "On the Use of the Mass Media for Important Things," American Sociological Review, Vol.38, No.2 (1973), pp.164-181.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Hogg, M.A. and D.J. Terry, "Social Identity and Self Categorization Processes in Organizational Contexts," Academy of Management Review, Vol.25, No.1(2000), pp.121-140.
21 Wang, Z., J.B. Walther, and J.T. Hancock, "Social Identification and Interpersonal Communication in Computer-Mediated Communication : What You Do Versus Who You Are in Virtual Groups," Human Communication Research, Vol.35(2009), pp.59-85.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Underwood, R., E. Bond, and R. Baer, "Building service brands via social identity : Lessons from the sports marketplace," Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, Vol.9 (2001), pp.1-13.
23 Vallerand, R.J., L.I. Gauvin, and W.R. Halliwell, "Negative Effects of Competition on Children's Intrinsic Motivation," The Journal of Social Psychology, Vol.12, No.5(1986), pp. 649-657.
24 Van der Heijden. H., "User Acceptance of Hedonic Information Systems," MIS Quarterly, Vol.28, No.4(2004), pp.695-704.
25 Hagel, J. and A.G. Armstrong, "Net Gain : Expanding markets through virtual communities," The Mckinsey Quarterly(1997), pp.140- 153.
26 Hogg, M.A., D.J. Terry, and K.M. White, "A Tale of Two Theories : A Critical Comparison of Identity Theory with Social Identity Theory," The Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol.58, No.4(1995), pp.255-269.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Hsu, C. and H. Lu, "Consumer behavior in online game communities : A motivational factor perspective," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.23(2007), pp.1642-1659.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Gupta, S. and H.W. Kim, "Developing the Commitment to Virtual Community : The Balanced Effects of Cognition and Affect," Information Resources Management Journal, Vol. 20, No.1(2007), pp.28-45.   DOI
29 Hair, J.T., R.E. Anderson, R.L. Tatham, and W.C. Black, Multivariate Data Analysis, Fifth ed., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey : Prentice Hall, 1998.
30 Heere, B. and J.D. James, "Stepping Outside the Lines : Developing a Multi-dimensional Team Identity Scale Based on Social Identity Theory," Sport Management Review, Vol.10 (2007), pp.65-91.   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Todd, S. and A. Kent, "A social identity perspective on the job attitudes of employees in sport," Management Decision, Vol.47, No.1 (2009), pp.173-190.   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Webster, F.E., "The Changing Role of Marketing in the Corporation," The Journal of Marketing, Vol.56, No.4(1992), pp.1-17.   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Tajfel, H. and J. Turner, "An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict, in Austin, W. G. and Worchel, S.(Eds.), Differentiation between Social Groups Studies in the Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations," Monterey, CA : Brooks/Cole, (1979), pp.33-47.
34 Taylor, S. and P. Todd, "Understanding Information Technology Usage : A Test of Competing Models," Information System Research, Vol.6, No.2(1995), pp.144-167.   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Gruen, T.W., J.O. Summers, and F. Acito, "Relationship Marketing Activities, Commitment, and Membership Behaviors in Professional Associations," The Journal of Marketing, Vol.64, No.3(2000), pp.34-49.   DOI   ScienceOn
36 Hoffman, D.L. and T.P. Novak, "Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-Mediated Environments : Conceptual Foundations," The Journal of Marketing, Vol.60, No.3(1996), pp.50- 68.   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Fornell, C. and D.F. Larcker, "Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error," Management Science, Vol.40, No.4(1981), pp.440-465.
38 Gefen, D., D.W. Straub, and M.C. Boudreau, "Structural Equation Modeling and Regression : Guidelines for Research Practice," Communications of the Association for Information Systems, Vol.4, No.7(2000), pp.1-70.
39 Gundlach, M., S. Zivnuska, and J. Stoner, "Understanding the relationship between individualism-collectivism and team performance through an integration of social identity theory and the social relations model," Human Relations, Vol.59, No.12(2006), pp.1603- 1632.   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Denegri-Knoot, J., D. Zwick, and J.E. Schro eder, "Mapping consumer power : an integrative framework for marketing and consumer research," European Journal of Marketing, Vol.40, No.9/10(2006), pp.950-971.   DOI   ScienceOn
41 Dholakia, U.M., R.P. Bagozzi, and L.K. Pearo, "A social influence model of consumer participation in network- and small-group-based virtual communities," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol.21(2004), pp.241- 263.   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Duncan, T. and S.E. Moriarty, "A Communication- Based Marketing Model for Managing Relationships," The Journal of Marketing, Vol.62, No.2(1998), pp.1-13.   DOI   ScienceOn
43 Csikszentmihalyi, M., Beyond boredom and anxiety, San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass, 1975
44 Tsao, J.C. and S.D. Sibley, "Readership of Free Community Papers as A Source of Advertising Information : A Uses and Gratifications Perspective," Journal and Mass Communication Quarterly, Vol.81, No.4(2004), pp. 767-787.
45 Steinman, C., R. Deshpande, and J.U. Farley, "Beyond Market Orientation : When Customers and Suppliers Disagree," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.28, No.1 (2000), pp.109-119.   DOI   ScienceOn
46 Steiger, J.H., "Structural Model Evaluation and Modification : An Interval Estimation Approach," Multivariate Behavioral Research, (1990), pp.173-180.
47 Casalo, L., C. Flavian, and M. Guinaliu, "The impact of participation in virtual brand communities on consumer trust and loyalty," Online Information Review, Vol.31, No.6(2007), pp.775-792.   DOI   ScienceOn
48 Cheung, M.K. and K.O. Lee, "Understanding the sustainability of a virtual community : model development and empirical test," Journal of Information Science, Vol.35, No.3(2009), pp.279-298.   DOI   ScienceOn
49 Davis, F.D., R.P. Bagozzi and P.P. Warshaw, "User Acceptance of Computer Technology : A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models," Management Science, Vol.30(1992), pp.361- 391.
50 Boyle, B.A. and P. Magnusson, "Social Identity and Brand Equity Formation : A Comparative Study of Collegiate Sports Fans," The Journal of Sport Management, Vol.21(2007), pp.497-520.   DOI
51 Blumler, J.G., "The Role of Theory in Uses and Gratifications Studies," Communication Research, Vol.6(1979), pp.9-36.   DOI
52 Tajfel, H., M.G. Billig, R.P. Bundy, and C. Flament, "Social categorization and intergroup behaviour," European Journal of Society Psy chology, Vol.1, No.2(1971), pp.149-178.   DOI
53 Sicilia, M. and S. Ruiz and J.L. Munuera, "Effects of Interactivity in a Web site," Journal of Advertising, Vol.34, No.3(2005), pp.31-45.   DOI   ScienceOn
54 Skadberg, Y.X. and J.R. Kimmel, "Visitors' flow experience while browsing a Web site : its measurement, contributing factors and consequences," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.20(2004), pp.403-422.   DOI   ScienceOn
55 Brewer, M.B., "In-Group Bias in the Minimal Intergroup Situation : A Cognitive-Motivational Analysis," Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 86, No.2(1979), pp.307-324.   DOI
56 Stafford, T.F. and M.R. Stafford and L.L. Schkade, "Determining Uses and Gratifications for the Internet," Decision Sciences, Vol. 35, No.2(2004), pp.259-288.   DOI   ScienceOn
57 Schau, H.J. and A.M. Muniz, "Brand Communities and Personal Identities : Negotiations in Cyberspace," Advances in Consumer Research, Vol.29(2002).
58 Sheth, J.N. and A. Parvatiyar, "Relationship Marketing in Consumer Markets : Antecedents and Consequences," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.23, No.4(1995), pp.255-271.   DOI   ScienceOn
59 Bhattacharya, C.B., "When Customers are Members : Customer Retention in Paid Membership Contexts," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.26, No.1(1998), pp. 31-44.   DOI
60 Bickart, B. and R.M. Schindler, "Internet Forums as Influential Sources of Customer Information," The Journal of Interactive Marketing, Vol.15, No.3(2001), pp.31-40.   DOI   ScienceOn
61 Sangwan, S., "Virtual Community Success : a Uses and Gratifications Perspective," Proceedings of the 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Waikoloa, 2005.
62 Sicilia, M. and M. Palazon, "Brand communities on the internet : A case study of Coca- Cola's Spanish virtual community," Corporate Communications, Vol.13, No.3(2008), pp.255- 270.   DOI   ScienceOn
63 Roy, S.K., "Internet uses and gratifications : A survey in the Indian context," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.25(2009), pp.878-886.   DOI   ScienceOn
64 Ruggiero, T.E., "Uses and Gratifications Theory in the 21st Century," Mass Communication and Society, Vol.3, No.1(2000), pp.3-37.   DOI   ScienceOn
65 Richard, M. and R. Chandra, "A model of consumer web navigational behavior : conceptual development and application," Journal of Business Research, Vol.58(2005), pp.1019-1029.   DOI   ScienceOn
66 Mael, F. and B.E. Ashforth, "Alumni and Their Alma Mater : A Partial Test of the Reformulated Model of Organizational Identification," Journal of Organization Behavior, Vol.13, No.2(1992), pp.103-123.   DOI   ScienceOn
67 Bateman, P., P. Gray and B. Butler, "Community Commitment : How Affect, Obligation, and Necessity Drive Online Behaviors," Twenty-Seventh International Conference on Information Systems, Milwaukee, (2006), pp. 983-1000.
68 Bergami, M. and R.P. Bagozzi, "Self-categorization, affective commitment and group selfesteem as distinct aspects of social identity in the organization," British Journal of Social Psychology, Vol.39, No.4(2000), pp.555-577.   DOI
69 Bhattacharya, C.B., H. Rao and M.A. Glynn, "Understanding the Bond of Identification : An Investigation of Its Correlates among Art Museum Members," The Journal of Marketing, Vol.59, No.4(1995), pp.46-57.   DOI   ScienceOn
70 Reichheld, F.F., "Learning from customer defections : The Customers you lose hold the information you need to succeed," Harvard Business Review, 1996.
71 Ashmore, R.D., K. Deaux and T. McLaughin- Volpe, "An Organizing Framework for Collective Identity : Articulation and Significance of Multidimensionality," Psychological Bulletin, Vol.130, No.1(2004), pp.80-114.   DOI
72 Bagozzi, R.P. and U.M. Dholakia, "International Social Action in Virtual Communities," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Vol.16, No.2(2002).
73 Bagozzi, R.P. and U.M. Dholakia, "Antecedents and Purchase Consequences of Customer Participation in Small Group Brand Communities," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol.23(2006), pp.45-61.   DOI   ScienceOn
74 Bass, M.B. and G. Dunteman, "Biases in the Evaluation of One's Own Group, Its Allies and Opponents," Journal of conflict Resolution, Vol.7, No.1(1963), pp.16-20.   DOI   ScienceOn
75 Armstrong, A. and J. Hagel, "The Real Value of Online Communities," Harvard Business Review, (May-June 1996), pp.134-141.
76 Ashforth, B.E. and F. Mael, "Social Identity Theory and the Organization," Academy of Management Review, Vol.14, No.1(1989), pp. 20-39.
77 Papacharissi, Z. and A.M. Rubin, "Predictors of Internet Use," Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, Vol.44, No.2(2000), pp.175- 196.   DOI   ScienceOn
78 Park, N.S., K.F. Kee, and S. Valenzuela, "Being Immersed in Social Networking Environment : Facebook Groups, Uses and Gratifications, and Social Outcomes," Cyber Psychology and Behavior, Vol.12, No.6(2009).
79 Algesheimer, R., U.M. Dholakia, and A. Herrmann, "The Social Influence of Brand Community : Evidence from European Car Clubs," Journal of Marketing, Vol.69(2005), pp.19-34.   DOI   ScienceOn
80 Anderson, J.C. and D.W. Gerbing, "Structural Equation Modeling in Practice : A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach," Psychological Bulletin, Vol.103, No.3(1988), pp.411- 423.   DOI
81 박유진, 김재휘, "사이버 커뮤니티의 몰입과 정체성이 친 커뮤니티행동 및 만족도에 미치는 영향", 사이버커뮤니케이션학보, 제19권, 제3호 (2006), pp.41-77.
82 성영신, 임성호, "브랜드 커뮤니티 활동, 왜 하는가", 광고학연구, 제13권, 제5호(2002), pp.159-175.
83 오영석, 김사혁, "온라인 커뮤니티를 이용한 브랜드 마케팅 전략", 정보통신정책, 제16권, 제12호 (2004), pp.20-37.
84 Ouwersloot, H. and Odekerken-Schroder, "Who's who in brand communities-and why?," European Journal of Marketing, Vol.42, No. 5/6(2008), pp.571-585.   DOI   ScienceOn
85 Morgan, R.M. and S.B. Hunt, "The Commit ment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing," Journal of Marketing, Vol.58, No.4(1994), pp.20-38.
86 Aaker, D.A., "Measuring Brand Equity Across Products and Markets," California Management Review, Vol.38, No.3(1996), pp.102-120.   DOI   ScienceOn
87 곽기영, 옥정봉, "온라인 커뮤니티 몰입의 브랜드 충성도로의 전이 : 사회정체성이론 관점", 한국경영과학회 추계학술대회논문집(October, 2010), pp.70-107.
88 Muniz, A.M. and T.C. O'Guinn, "Brand community," The Journal of Consumer Research, Vol.27, No.4(2001), pp.412-432.   DOI   ScienceOn
89 McWilliam, G., "Building Stronger Brands through Online Communities," Sloan Management Review, Vol.41, No.3(2000), pp.43-54.
90 Moon, J.W. and Y.G. Kim, "Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web Context," Information and Management, Vol.38(2001), pp. 217-230.   DOI   ScienceOn