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Hydrothermal Synthesis of Kaolinite  

Jang, Young-Nam (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Minerals and Materials Processing Division)
Ryu, Gyoung-Won (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Minerals and Materials Processing Division)
Chae, Soo-Chun (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Minerals and Materials Processing Division)
Lee, Sung-Ki (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Minerals and Materials Processing Division)
Suh, Yong-Jae (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Minerals and Materials Processing Division)
Bae, In-Kook (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Minerals and Materials Processing Division)
Publication Information
Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea / v.20, no.3, 2007 , pp. 147-153 More about this Journal
Abstract
Kaolinite [$Al_2Si_2O_5(OH)_4$] was successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal process from amorphous $Al(OH)_3$ and $SiO_2$ at $230^{\circ}C$ under the pressure of $30 kg/cm^2$. The experiments were performed varying temperatures ($180{\sim}280^{\circ}C$), pressure ($10{\sim}60kg/cm^2$), chemistry ($Al_2O_3/SiO_2 = 0.5{\sim}0.38$) and pH ($0.3{\sim}9.5$) of the solution. The autoclaving was carried out in a closed stainless steel vessel. Kaolinite appears from the starting composition of $Al_2O_3/SiO_2= 0.5$ with boehmite and was stable as a single phase with the composition of $Al_2O_3/SiO_2=0.45$. Boehmite was a stable phase below $200^{\circ}C$ for the 240 h period of autoclaving, but kaolinite appeared even in 20 h at $230^{\circ}C$. The single kaolinite phase of a good crystallinity was observed at pH ranging 2 to 6. That indicates that pH is one of the most critical parameters for the successful formation of kaolinite. The optimal molar ratio of $Al_2O_3$ to $SiO_2$ was determined to be 0.45. The XRD pattern of the synthesized kaolinite coincided with that of natural one and its morphology was the cluster type of the kaolinite crystals (diameter = ${\sim}3{\mu}m$), irrespective of starting material, composition and temperature.
Keywords
kaolinite; gel; amorphous; hydrothermal synthesis; boehmite;
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