Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.6111/JKCGCT.2014.24.4.135

The molten KOH/NaOH wet chemical etching of HVPE-grown GaN  

Park, Jae Hwa (Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University)
Hong, Yoon Pyo (Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University)
Park, Cheol Woo (Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University)
Kim, Hyun Mi (Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University)
Oh, Dong Keun (Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University)
Choi, Bong Geun (Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University)
Lee, Seong Kuk (UNIMO Photron)
Shim, Kwang Bo (Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University)
Abstract
The hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) grown GaN samples to precisely measure the surface characteristics was applied to a molten KOH/NaOH wet chemical etching. The etching rate by molten KOH/NaOH wet chemical etching method was slower than that by conventional etching methods, such as phosphoric and sulfuric acid etching, which may be due to the formation of insoluble coating layer. Therefore, the molten KOH/NaOH wet chemical etching is a better efficient method for the evaluation of etch pits density. The grown GaN single crystals were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray rocking curve (XRC). The etching characteristics and surface morphologies were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). From etching results, the optimum etching condition that the etch pits were well independently separated in space and clearly showed their shape, was $410^{\circ}C$ and 25 min. The etch pits density obtained by molten KOH/NaOH wet chemical etching under optimum etching condition was around $2.45{\times}10^6cm^{-2}$, which is commercially an available materials.
Keywords
KOH/NaOH; Etching; GaN; HVPE; Wet etching; Etch pit;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 J.L. Weyher, H. Ashraf and P.R. Hageman, "Reduction of dislocation density in epitaxial GaN layers by overgrowth of defect-related etch pits", Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 (2009) 031913 : 1.   DOI
2 D. Ehrentraut and Z. Sistar, "Advances in bulk crystal growth of AlN and GaN", MRS Bull. 34 (2009) 259.   DOI
3 D.G. Zhao, D.S. Jiang, J.J. Zhu, H. Wang, Z.S. Liu, S.M. Zhang, Y.T. Wang, Q.J. Jia and H. Yang, "An experimental study about the influence of well thickness on the electroluminescence of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells", J. Alloys Compd. 489 (2010) 461.   DOI
4 A. Sakai, A. Kimura, H. Sunakawa and A. Usui, "Microstructure of GaN films on GaAs(100) substrates grown by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy", J. Crystal Growth 183 (1998) 49.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 J. Zou and W.D. Xiang, "A-Plane GaN layer grown on (302) ($-LiAlO_2$ by MOCVD", J. Alloys Compd. 484 (2009) 622.   DOI
6 J. Chen, J.F. Wang, H. Wang, J.J. Zhu, S.M. Zhang, D.G. Zhao, D.S. Jiang, H. Yang, U. Jahn and K.H. Ploog, "Measurement of threading dislocation densities in GaN by wet chemical etching", Semicond. Sci. Technol. 21 (2006) 1229.   DOI
7 B. Heying, E.J. Tarsa, C.R. Elsass, P. Fini, S.P. Den-Baars and J.S. Speck, "Dislocation mediated surface morphology of GaN", J. Appl. Phys. 85 (1999) 6470.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 M. Barchuk, C. Roder, Y. Shashev, G. Lukin, M. Motylenko, J. Kortus, O. Patzold and D. Rafaja, "Correlation between the residual stress and the density of threading dislocations in GaN layers grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy", J. Crystal Growth 386 (2014) 1.   DOI
9 C.C. Kao, Y.K. Su, C.L. Lin and J.J. Chen, "Enhanced luminescence of GaN-based light-emitting diodes by selective wet etching of GaN/sapphire interface using direct heteroepitaxy laterally overgrowth technique", Displays 32 (2011) 96.   DOI
10 M. Hao, T. Egawa and H. Ishikawa, "Maskless lateral epitaxial over growth of GaN films on in situ etched sapphire substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition", J. Crystal Growth 285 (2005) 466.   DOI
11 T.L. Chu, "Gallium Nitride Films", J. Electrochem. Soc. 118 (1971) 1200.   DOI
12 J. Kang, Z. Li, Z. Liu, H. Li, Y. Zhao, Y. Tian, P. Ma, X. Yi and G. Wang, "Investigation of the wet-etching mechanism of Ga-polar AlGaN/GaN micro-pillars", J. Crystal Growth 386 (2014) 175.   DOI
13 D. Zhuang and J.H. Edgar, "Wet etching of GaN, AlN, and SiC: a review", Mater. Sci. Eng. R 48 (2005) 1.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 H.H. Huang, H.Y. Zeng, C.L. Lee, S.C. Lee and W.I. Lee, "Extended microtunnels in GaN prepared by wet chemical etch", Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 (2006) 202115-1.   DOI
15 J.I. Pankove, "Electrolytic Etching of GaN", J. Electrochem. Soc. 119 (1972) 1118.   DOI
16 L. Zhang, Y. Sha, Y. Wu, X. Hao, X. Chen, S. Qu and X. Xu, "Characterization of dislocation etch pits in HVPE-grown GaN using different wet chemical etching methods", J. Crystal Growth 504 (2010) 186.
17 D.K. Oh, S.Y. Bang, B.G. Choi, P. Maneeratanasarn, S.K. Lee, J.H. Chung, J.A.F. Freitas Jr. and K.B. Shim, "Surface morphology and optical property of thermally annealed GaN substrates", J. Crystal Growth 356 (2012) 22.   DOI
18 W. Luo, J. Wu, J. Goldsmith, Y. Du, T. Yu, Z. Yang and G. Zhang, "The growth of high-quality and self-separation GaN thick-films by hydride vapor phase epitaxy", J. Crystal Growth 340 (2012) 18.   DOI
19 J.L. Weyher, S. Lazar, L. Macht, Z. Liliental-Weber, R.J. Molnar, S. Muller, V.G.M. Sivel, G. Nowak and I. Grzegory, "Orthodox etching of HVPE-grown GaN", J. Crystal Growth 305 (2007) 384.   DOI
20 D. Spiteri, J.W. Pomeroy and M. Kuball, "Influence of microstructural defects on the thermal conductivity of GaN : A molecular dynamics study", Phys. Status Solidi B 250(8) (2013) 1541.   DOI
21 D. Peng, Y. Feng and H. Niu, "Effects of surface treatment for sapphire substrate on gallium nitride films", J. Alloys Compd. 476 (2009) 629.   DOI
22 D.K. Oh, B.G. Choi, S.H. Kang, S.Y. Kim, S.A. Kim, S.K. Lee, J.H. Chung, K.H. Kim and K.B. Shim, "Surface morphology variation during wet etching of GaN epilayer grown by HVPE", J. Korean Cryst. Growth Cryst. Technol. 22(6) (2012) 261.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
23 H.C. Hsu, Y.K. Sua, S.H. Cheng, S.J. Huang, J.M. Cao and K.C. Chen, "Investigation of etch characteristics of non-polar GaN by wet chemical etching", Appl. Surf. Sci. 257 (2010) 1080.   DOI