Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.6111/JKCGCT.2010.20.1.058

The crystallization behavior of glass made from coal bottom ash  

Jang, Seok-Joo (Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kyonggi University)
Kang, Seung-Gu (Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kyonggi University)
Abstract
The glass-ceramics made from the mixture of coal bottom ash, produced from a thermal power plant mixed with $Na_2O$ and $Li_2O$ was fabricated and their crystallization behavior was studied using a non-isothermal analyzing method. The temperature for 50% crystallization was higher than the exothermic peak temperature $T_p$ at DTA curve and the quickest crystallization temperature was much the same as $T_p$ as identified from the relationships of crystallized fraction and crystallization rate with temperature. By using Kissinger equation describing a crystallization behavior, the activation energy (262 kJ/mol), the Avrami constant (1.7) and the frequency ($5.7{\times}10^{16}/s$) for crystallization were calculated from which the nepheline crystal could be expected as showing an 1~2-dimensional surface crystallization behavior mainly with some bulk crystallization tendency at the same time. The actual observation of microstructure using SEM showed the considerable amount of surface crystals of dendrite and the bulk crystals with low fraction, so the prediction by the Kissinger equation was in accord with the crystallization behavior of glass-ceramics fabricated in this study.
Keywords
Coal bottom ash; Non-isothermal analysis; Crystallization kinetics; Surface crystal; Avrami constant;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 N.M. Pavlushkin, "Principals of Glass Ceramics Technology", 2nd Ed., Stroiizdat, Moscow (1979).
2 J. Vazquez, C. Wagner, P. Villares and R. Jimenez-Garay, "A theoretical method for determining the crystallized fraction and kinetic parameters by DSC, using non-isothermal techniques", Acta Mater. 44 (1996) 4807.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 J.M. Rincon, M. Romero and A.R. Boccaccini, "Microstructural characterization of a glass and glass-ceramic obtained from municipal incinerator fly ash", J. Mater. Sci. 34 (1999) 4413.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 J.A. Augis and J.D. Bennett, "Calculation of the Avramic parameter from heterogeneous solid state reactions using a modification of the Kissinger Method", J. Thermal. Anal. 13 (1978) 283.   DOI
5 T. Ozawa, "Kinetics of non-isothermal crystallization", Polymer 12 (1971) 150.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 J. Vazquez, C. Wagner, P. Villares and R. JimenezGaray, "Glass transition and crystallization kinetics in $Sb_{0.18}As_{0.34}Se_{0.48}$ glassy alloy by using non-isothermal techniques", J. Non-Cryst. Solids 235-237 (1998) 548.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Carlos P. Bergmann, "Sinterability study of ceramic bodies made from a mixture of mineral coal bottom ash and soda-lime glass cullet", Waste Manage. Res. 25 (2007) 77.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 T.W. Cheng, "Effect of additional materials on the properties of glass-ceramic produced from incinerator fly ashes", Chemosphere 56 (2004) 127.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 H. Yinnon and D.R. Uhlmann, "Applications of thermoanalytical techniques to the study of crystallization kinetics in glass-forming liquids, part 1: theory", J. Non-Cryst. Solids 54 (1983) 253.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 H.C. Park, S.H. Lee, B.K. Ryu, M.M. Son and I. Yasui, "Nucleation and crystallization kinetics of $CaO-AI_2O_3-2SiO_2$ in powdered anorthite glass", J. Mater. Sci. 31 (1996) 4249.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 W.A. Johnson and K.F. Mehl, Trans. Am. lnst. Mining Eng. 135 (1981) 315.
12 T.W. Cheng, T.M. Ueng, Y.S. Chen and T.P. Chiu, "Production of glass-ceramic from incineration fly ash", Ceramics International 28 (2002) 779.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 H.E. Kissinger, "Reaction kinetics in differential thermal analysis", Anal. Chem. 29 (1957) 1702.   DOI
14 W. Holand and G. Beall, "Glass-ceramic Technology", The American Ceramic Society, Ohio, USA (2002).
15 M. Avrami, "Granulation, phase change, and microstructure kinetics of phase change", J. Chem. Phys. 9 (1941) 177.   DOI
16 C.T. Kniess, J.C. de Lima, P.B. Prates, N.C. Kuhnen and H.G Riella, "Dilithium dialuminium trisilicate phase obtained using coal bottom ash", J. Non-Cryst. Sol. 353 (2007) 4819.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 A. Karamanov, M. Pelino and A. Hreglich, "Sintered glass-ceramics from municipal solid waste-incinerator fly ash-part I; the influence of the heating rate on the sinter crystallization", J. European Ceramic Society 23 (2003) 827.   DOI   ScienceOn