Browse > Article

Effects of total pressure and gravity level on the physical vapor transport of $Hg_2Cl_2-Cl_2$ system  

Choi, Jeong-Gi (Department of Nano-Bio Chemical Engineering, Hannam University)
Kwon, Moo-Hyun (Department of Applied Chemistry, Woosuk University)
Kim, Geug-Tae (Department of Nano-Bio Chemical Engineering, Hannam University)
Abstract
Our computational studies for the physical vapor transport crystal growth of $Hg_2Cl_2-Cl_2$ system evidence suggests that the PVT growth process exhibits the diffusion-dominated behaviors for aspect ratios more than and equal to 10, which would provide purely diffusive transport conditions adequate to microgravity environments less than $10^{-3}g_0$. Also, the regimes of high temperature difference based on the fixed source temperature of $380^{\circ}C$, where ${\Delta}T$ is relatively large enough for the crystal growth of mercurous chloride, the transport rates do not keep increasing with ${\Delta}T$ but tend to some constant value of $2.12\;mole\;cm^{-2}s^{-1}$. For the aspect ratios of 5, 10, and 20, the transport rate is directly proportional to the total pressure of the system under consideration. For Ar = 5, the rate is increased by a factor of 2.3 with increasing the total pressure from 403 Torr to 935 Torr, i.e., by a factor of 2.3. For both Ar = 10 and 20, the rate is increased by a factor of 1.25 with increasing the total pressure from 403 Torr to 935 Torr.
Keywords
Mercurous chloride; Convection; Chloride gas; Physical vapor transport;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 N.B. Singh, M. Gottlieb, G.B. Brandt, A.M. Stewart, R. Mazelsky and M.E. Glicksman, "Growth and characterization of mercurous halide crystals: mercurous bromide system", J. Crystal Growth 137 (1994) 155   DOI   ScienceOn
2 N.B. Singh, M. Gottlieb, A.P. Goutzoulis, R.H. Hopkins and R. Mazelsky, "Mercurous Bromide acoustooptic devices", J. Crystal Growth 89 (1988) 527   DOI   ScienceOn
3 W.M.B. Duval, "Convection in the physical vapor transport process-- II: Thermosolutal convection", J. Chem. Vapor Deposition, 2 (1994b), 282
4 G.T. Kim, W.M.B. Duval and M.E. Glicksman "Effects of asymmetric temperature profiles on thermal convection during physical vapor transport of $Hg_2Cl_2$", Chem. Eng. Comm. 162 (1997) 45   DOI   ScienceOn
5 G.T. Kim, "Convective-diffusive transport in mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2) crystal growth", J. Ceramic Processing Research 6 (2005) 110
6 S.J. Yosim and S.W. Mayer, "The mercury-mercuric chloride system", J. Phys. Chem. 60 (1960) 909   DOI
7 G.T. Kim, W.M.B. Duval, N.B. Singh and M.E. Glicksman "Thermal convective effects on physcial vapor transport growth of mercurous chloride crystals ($Hg_2C1_2$) for axisymmetric 2-D cylindrical enclosure", Modelling. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 3 (1995) 331   DOI   ScienceOn
8 G.-T. Kim and K.-H. Lee, "Parametric studies on convection during the physical vapor transport of mercurous chloride ($Hg_2Cl_2$)", J. Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology 14 (2004) 281
9 N.B. Singh, R.H. Hopkins, R. Mazelsky and J.J. Conroy, "Purification and growth of mercurous chloride single crystals", J. Crystal Growth 75 (1970) 173   DOI   ScienceOn
10 B.L. Markham, D.W. Greenwell and F. Rosenberger, "Numerical modeling of diffusive-convective physical vapor transport in cylindrical vertical ampoules", J. Crystal Growth 51 (1981) 426   DOI   ScienceOn
11 M.H. Kwon and G.-T. Kim, "Theoretical gravity studies on roles of convection in crystal growth of$Hg_2Cl_2$-Xe by physical vapor transport under normal and high gravity environments", submitted to J. Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology (2009)
12 J.-S. Kim, Sudhir B. Trivedi, Jolanta Soos, Neelam Gupta and Witold Palosz, "Growth of $Hg_2Cl_2$ and $Hg2Br2$ single crystals by physical vapor transport", J. Crystal Growth 310 (2008) 2457   DOI   ScienceOn
13 F. Rosenberger, J. Ouazzani, I. Viohl and N. Buchan, "Physical vapor transport revised", J. Crystal Growth 171 (1997) 270   DOI   ScienceOn
14 W.M.B. Duval, "Convection in the physical vapor transport process-- I: Thermal", J. Chemical Vapor Deposition 2 (1994) 188
15 H. Zhou, A. Zebib, S. Trivedi and W.M.B. Duval, "Physical vapor transport of zinc-telluride by dissociative sublimation", J. Crystal Growth 167 (1996) 534   DOI   ScienceOn
16 J.-G. Choi, K.-H. Lee and G.-T. Kim, "Effects of inert gas (Ne) on thermal convection of mercurous chloride system of Hg2Cl2 and Ne during physical vapor transport", J. Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology 18 (2008) 225
17 G.T. Kim, W.M.B. Duval and M.E. Glicksman "Thermal convection in physical vapour transport of mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2) for rectangular enclosures", Modelling. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 5 (1997) 289   DOI   ScienceOn
18 J.-G. Choi, K.-H. Lee, M.-H. Kwon and G.-T. Kim, "Effect of accelerational perturbations on physical vapor transport crystal growth under microgravity environments", J. Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology 16 (2006) 203
19 W.M.B. Duval, “Transition to chaos in the physical vapor transport process--I: fluid mechanics problem phenomena in microgravity”, Fluids Eng. Div. ASME 175 (1993) 51
20 P.A. Tebbe, S.K. Loyalka and W.M.B. Duval, "Finite element modeling of asymmetric and transient flow flieds during physical vapor transport", Finite Elements in Analysis and Design 40 (2004) 1499   DOI   ScienceOn
21 M.H. Kwon and G.-T. Kim, "Effects of nonlinear temperature profiles and microgravity environments on physical vapor transport of $Hg_2Cl_2$-Xe system", submitted to J. Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology (2009)
22 R.B. Bird, W.E. Stewart and E.N. Lightfoot, "Transport phenomena" (John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, 1960)
23 A. Nadarajah, F. Rosenberger and J. Alexander, "Effects of buoyancy-driven flow and thermal boundary conditions on physical vapor transport", J. Crystal Growth 118 (1992) 49   DOI   ScienceOn
24 W.M.B. Duval, N.E. Glicksman and B. Singh, "Physical vapor transport of mercurous chloride crystals; design of a microgravity experiment", J. Crystal Growth 174 (1997) 120   DOI   ScienceOn
25 J.-G. Choi, K.-H. Lee and G.-T. Kim, "Generic studies on thermo-solutal convection of mercurous chloride system of $Hg_2Cl_2$ and Ne during physical vapor transport", J. Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology 1 (2009) 39