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Silicon purification through acid leaching and unidirectional solidification  

Eum, Jung-Hyun (KICET Icheon Branch)
Chang, Hyo-Sik (KICET Icheon Branch)
Kim, Hyung-Tae (KICET Icheon Branch)
Choi, Kyoon (KICET Icheon Branch)
Abstract
Recently the shortage of silicon resources especially for poly-silicon of purity higher than 99.9999% leads to search for the more cheap and quick synthesizing routes for silicon feedstock. In order to solve this situation, we investigated the purification process of metallurgical grade (MG) silicon of purity around 99% by the acid leaching and following the unidirectional solidification. MG-Si lumps are pulverized with a planetary mill, and then leached with HCl/$HNO_3$/HF acid solution. As a result, the concentration of metal impurities including Al, Fe, Ca, Mn, etc. decreased dramatically. This process led to silicon content higher than 99.99%. The purified silicon powders were compacted and have been melted and uni-directionally solidified with heat exchange method (HEM) furnace. The properties of multicrystalline silicon ingots were specific resistance of $0.3{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ and minority carrier life time (MCLT) of $3.8{\mu}{\cdot}sec$.
Keywords
Silicon purification; Acid leaching; Uni-directional solidification; Solar cell; HEM; SoG-Si;
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