Browse > Article

Synthesis of orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$ and its electrochemical properties  

Kim, Jung-Min (Department of Ceramic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dongshin University)
Chung, Hoon-Taek (Department of Ceramic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dongshin University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology / v.15, no.2, 2005 , pp. 51-56 More about this Journal
Abstract
We prepared orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$ by emulsion drying method. The thermo-gravimetric measurement and X-ray diffraction studies indicated that the orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$ phase was formed above $800^{\circ}C$ by oxygen evaporation process from $LiMn_2O_4$ and $Li_2MnO_3$. In this process, we could control the ordering of $LiMnO_2$ with heating rate. It was observed that electrochemical properties depended on the ordering of this material; the ordered one exhibited good capacity retention, whereas the disordered one suffered capacity fading upon cycling, especially in the 3 V region. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) study showed that this difference is related with difference in the stress relieving effects in the samples.
Keywords
$LiMn_2O$; Orthorhombic; Cathode; Li-ion Battery; Emulsion;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 A.R. Armstrong and P.G. Bruce, 'Synthesis of $LiMnO_2$ as an electrode for rechargeable lithium batteries', Nature 381 (1996).
2 L. Groguennec, P. Deniard and R. Brec, 'Electrochemical cyclability of orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$. Characterization of cycled materials', J. Electrochem. Soc. 144 (1997) 3323.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 M.M. Thackeray, 'Structural considerations of layered and spinel lithiated oxides for lithium ion batteries', J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 2558   DOI   ScienceOn
4 J.N. Reimers, E.W. Fuller, E. Rossen and J.R. Dahn, 'Synthesis and electrochemical studies of $LiMnO_2$ prepared at low temperatures', J. Electrochem. Soc. 140 (1993) 3396   DOI   ScienceOn
5 S.T. Myung, H.T. Chung, S.H. Komaba, N. Kumagai and H.B. Gu, 'Capacity fading of $LiMn_2O_4$ electrode synthesized by the emulsion drying method', J. Power Sources 90 (2000) 103   DOI   ScienceOn
6 M.M. Thackeray, Y. Shao-Horn, A.J. Kahaian, K.D. Kepler, E. Skinner, J.T. Vaughey and S.A. Hackney, 'Structural fatigue in spinel electrodes in high voltage (4 V) $Li/Li_xMn_2O_4$ cells', Electrochem. and Solid-State Lett. 1 (1998) 7
7 I.J. Davidson, R.S. McMillan, J. J. Murray and J.E. Greedan, 'Lithium-ion cell based on orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$', J. Power Sources 54 (1995) 232.
8 L. Groguennec, P. Deniard, R. Brec, P. Biensan and M. Broussely, 'Electrochemical behavior of orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$: influence of the grain size and cationic disorder', Solid State Ionics 89 (1996) 127   DOI   ScienceOn
9 S.T. Myung and H.T. Chung, 'Preparation and characterization of $LiMn_2O_4$ powders by the emulsion drying method', J. Power Sources 84 (1999) 32   DOI   ScienceOn
10 I.M. Kotschau and J.R. Dahn, 'In situ X-ray study of $LiMnO_2$', J. Electrochem. Soc. 145 (1998) 2672
11 K. Mizushima, P.C. Jones, P.J. Wiseman and J.B. Goodenough, '$Li_xCoO_2$ (0
12 S.T. Myung, N. Kumagai, S. Komaba and H.-T. Chung, 'Preparation and electrochemical characterization of $LiCoO_2$ by the emulsion drying method', J. Appl. Electrochem. 30 (2000) 1081
13 Y.I. Jang, B. Huang, H. Wang, D.R. Sadoway and Y.M. Chiang, 'Electrochemical cycling-induced spinel formation in high-charge-capacity orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$', J. Electrochem. Soc. 146 (1999) 3217
14 W. Tang, H. Kanoh and K. Ooi, 'Lithium ion extraction from orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$ in ammonium peroxodisulfate solutions', J. Solid State Chem. 142 (1999) 19   DOI   ScienceOn
15 L. Groguennec, P. Deniard, R. Brec and A. Lecerf, 'Nature of the stacking faults in orthorhombic $LiMnO_2$', J. Mater. Chem. 7 (1997) 511   DOI   ScienceOn
16 R.J. Gummow, D.C. Liles and M.M. Thackeray, 'Lithium extraction from orthorhombic lithium manganese oxide and the phase transformation to spinel', Mater. Res. Bull. 28 (1993) 1249   DOI   ScienceOn
17 L. Groguennec, P. Deniard, R. Brec and A Lecerf, 'Preparation, physical and structural characterization of $LiMnO_2$ samples with variable cationic disorder', J. Mater. Chem. 5 (1995) 1919   DOI   ScienceOn
18 H. Wang, Y.I. Jang and Y.M. Chiang, 'Origin of cycling stability in monoclinic- and orthorhombic-phase lithium manganese oxide cathodes', Electrochem. and Solid-State Lett. 2 (1999) 490
19 C. Delmas and I. Saadoune, 'Electrochemical and physical properties of the $Li_xNi_{1-y}Co_yO_2$ phases', Solid State Ionics 53 (1992) 370   DOI   ScienceOn