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http://dx.doi.org/10.3740/MRSK.2020.30.7.343

Comparison of Abnormal Grain Growth Behavior of Lead-Free (Na,K)NbO3-M(Cu,Nb)O3, (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) Piezoelectric Ceramics  

Jung, Seungwoon (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University)
Lim, Ji-Ho (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University)
Jung, Han-Bo (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University)
Ji, Sung-Yub (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University)
Choi, Seunggon (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University)
Jeong, Dae-Yong (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Materials Research / v.30, no.7, 2020 , pp. 343-349 More about this Journal
Abstract
NKN [(Na,K)NbO3] is a candidate lead-free piezoelectric material to replace PZT [Pb(Zr,Ti)O3]. A single crystal has excellent piezoelectric-properties and its properties are dependent of the crystal orientation direction. However, it is hard to fabricate a single crystal with stoichiometrically stable composition due to volatilization of sodium during the growth process. To solve this problem, a solid solution composition is designed (Na,K)NbO3-Ba(Cu,Nb)O3 and solid state grain growth is studied for a sizable single crystal. Ceramic powders of (Na,K)NbO3-M(Cu,Nb)O3 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) are synthesized and grain growth behavior is investigated for different temperatures and times. Average normal grain sizes of individual specimens, which are heat-treated at 1,125 ℃ for 10 h, are 6.9, 2.8, and 1.6 ㎛ for M = Ca, Sr, and Ba, respectively. Depending on M, the distortion of NKN structure can be altered. XRD results show that (NKN-CaCuN: shrunken orthorhombic; NKN-SrCuN: orthorhombic; NKN-BaCuN: cubic). For the sample heat-treated at 1,125 ℃ for 10 h, the maximum grain sizes of individual specimens are measured as 40, 5, and 4,000 ㎛ for M = Ca, Sr, and Ba, respectively. This abnormal grain size is related to the partial melting temperature (NKN-CaCuN: 960 ℃; NKN-SrCuN: 971 ℃; NKN-BaCuN: 945 ℃).
Keywords
NKN; transient liquid phase; abnormal grain growth;
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