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http://dx.doi.org/10.3740/MRSK.2012.22.5.259

Development of Kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S1-x,Sex)4 (CZTSS)-Based Thin Film Solar Cells with In and Ga Free Absorber Materials  

Shin, Seung-Wook (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST)
Han, Jun-Hee (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST)
Gang, Myeng-Gil (Photonics Technology Research Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chonnam National University)
Yun, Jae-Ho (Photovoltaic Research Group, Korea Institute of Energy Research)
Lee, Jeong-Yong (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST)
Kim, Jin-Hyeok (Photonics Technology Research Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Materials Research / v.22, no.5, 2012 , pp. 259-273 More about this Journal
Abstract
Chalcogenide-based semiconductors, such as $CuInSe_2$, $CuGaSe_2$, Cu(In,Ga)$Se_2$ (CIGS), and CdTe have attracted considerable interest as efficient materials in thin film solar cells (TFSCs). Currently, CIGS and CdTe TFSCs have demonstrated the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 11% in module production. However, commercialized CIGS and CdTe TFSCs have some limitations due to the scarcity of In, Ga, and Te and the environmental issues associated with Cd and Se. Recently, kesterite CZTS, which is one of the In- and Ga- free absorber materials, has been attracted considerable attention as a new candidate for use as an absorber material in thin film solar cells. The CZTS-based absorber material has outstanding characteristics such as band gap energy of 1.0 eV to 1.5 eV, high absorption coefficient on the order of $10^4cm^{-1}$, and high theoretical conversion efficiency of 32.2% in thin film solar cells. Despite these promising characteristics, research into CZTS-based thin film solar cells is still incomprehensive and related reports are quite few compared to those for CIGS thin film solar cells, which show high efficiency of over 20%. The recent development of kesterite-based CZTS thin film solar cells is summarized in this work. The new challenges for enhanced performance in CZTS thin films are examined and prospective issues are addressed as well.
Keywords
thin film solar cells; $Cu_2ZnSn(S_{1-x},Se_x)_4$ (CZTS); absorber materials; abuntant and non-toxic materials; cost effective materials;
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