Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5000/EESK.2019.23.1.055

Relationship between Phase Properties, Significant Duration and PGA from the Earthquake Records of Mw 5.5~6.5  

Choi, Hang (AIMAC Structure Co., Ltd.)
Yoon, Byung Ick (AIMAC Structure Co., Ltd.)
Publication Information
Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea / v.23, no.1, 2019 , pp. 55-70 More about this Journal
Abstract
The phase properties of ground acceleration records from Mw 5.5~6.5 earthquakes are analyzed. The interrelationships between phase properties and significant durations, as well as PGA, are clarified through both of theoretical and empirical approaches. The probabilistic characteristics of phase information is also discussed based on previous studies and it is shown that circular normal distribution is the most appropriate probability distribution for the phase angle and phase difference. Whereas those variates can be modeled by Gaussian random variables. From the survey results on the frequency dependency of the phase statistics, a simple model is introduced, which is possible to express the frequency dependency of phase information. It is also shown that the significant duration can be controlled by appropriately chosen standard deviation of phase difference for 4~8Hz frequency band and additional consideration of phase scattering in higher frequency band through a series of Monte Carlo simulations. The source of phase scattering effect is also pointed out and discussed.
Keywords
Phase difference; Group delay; Significant duration; Peak ground acceleration; Performance-based design;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Architectural Institute of Korea. Korean Building Code. c2016.
2 Boore D. Simulation of ground motion using the stochastic method, Pure and Applied Geophysics. 2003;160:635-675.   DOI
3 Assatourians K, Atkinson G. EXSIM 12: A stochastic finite-fault computer program in Fortran. Available from: http://www.seismotoolbox.ca.
4 Atkinson GM, Boore DM, Assatourians K, Campbell K, Motazedian D. A guide to difference between stochastic point-source and stochastic finite-fault simulations, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 2009;99:3192-3201   DOI
5 Bommer JJ, Martinez-Pereira A. The effective duration of earthquake strong motion. J. Earth. Eng. 1999;3(2):137-172.
6 Katsanos EI, Sextos AG, Manolis D. Selection of earthquake ground motion records: A state-of-the-art review from a structural engineering perspective. Soil Dyna. Earth. Eng. 2010;30: 157-169.   DOI
7 Malhotra KP. Strong-motion records for site specific analysis. Earthquake Spectra. 2003;19(3):557-578.   DOI
8 ASCE. ASCE/SEI 4-16 Seismic analysis of safety-related nuclear structures. ASCE standard. American Society of Civil Engineers. c2016.
9 Shinozuka M, Deodatis G. Simulation of stochastic processes by spectral representation. Appl. Mech. Rev. 44, 1991:191-204.   DOI
10 Tilioune B, Hammoutene M, Bard PY. Phase angle properties of earthquake strong motions: A critical look. Proc. 12 WCEE. 2000: Paper No. 0565.
11 Wang H. Effect of phase characteristic of seismic wave on the response of structures. Proc. 13 WCEE. 2004: Paper No. 1960.
12 Grigoriu M. Stochastic calculus: Applications in science and engineering. Birkhauser. c2002.
13 Aki K, Richards PG. Quantitative seismology (2nd Ed.). University Science Books. c2002.
14 Udías A, Madariaga R, Buforn E. Source mechanisms of earthquakes: Theory and practice. Cambridge. c2014.
15 Izumi M (Ed.). Seismic waves: Synthesis and data processing. Kajima Press. c1995 (in Japanese).
16 Boore DM, Thompson EM, Path duration for use in the stochasticmethod simulation of ground motions, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 2014;104(5):2541-2552.   DOI
17 Boore DM, Thompson EM. Revisions to some parameters used in stochastic-method simulations of ground motion. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 2015;105(2A):1029-1041.   DOI
18 Brune JN. Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes. J. Geophy. Res. 1970;75(26):4997-5009.   DOI
19 Hamming RW. Digital filters (3rd. Ed.). Prentice-Hall. c1989.
20 Papoulis A. The Fourier integral and its applications. McGraw-Hill. c1962.
21 Hinze JO, Turbulence, McGraw-Hill. c1975
22 Thráinsson H, Kiremidjian A, Winterstein SR. Modeling of earthquake ground motion in the frequency domain. Report No. 134, The John A Blume Earthquake Engineering Center. Stanford University. c2000.
23 Boore DM. Phase derivatives and simulation of strong ground motions. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 2003;93(3):1132-1143.   DOI
24 Anache-Menier D, van Tiggelen BA, Margerin L. Phase statistics of seismic coda waves. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2009;102(24):248501.   DOI
25 Mardia KV. Statistics of directional data. Academic Press. c1972.
26 Dan K, Watanabe T, Tanaka T, Sato R. Stability of earthquake ground motion synthesized by using different small-event records as empirical Green's functions, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 1990;80(6):1433-1455.
27 Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. PEER Ground Motion Database. Available from: http://ngawest2.berkeley.edu.
28 Causse M, Song SG. Are stress drop and rupture velocity of earthquakes independent? Insight and observed ground motion variability. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2015;42:7383-7389.   DOI
29 Miyake H, Iwata T, Irikura K. Source characterization for broadband ground-motion simulation: Kinematic heterogeneous source model and strong motion generation area. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 2003;93(6):2531-2545.   DOI
30 Boashash B. Estimating and interpreting the instantaneous frequency of signal-Part 1: Fundamentals. Proc. IEEE. 1992;80(4):520-538.   DOI
31 Gabor D. Theory of communication. J. Inst. Elect. Eng. 1946;93(3):429-457.
32 Ohsaki Y. On the significance of phase content in earthquake ground motions. Earth. Eng. Struct. Dyna. 1979;7:427-429.   DOI
33 Sun CG, Han JT, Cho WJ. Representative shear wave velocity of geotechnical layers by synthesizing in-situ test data in Korea. J. Eng. Geol. 2012;22(3):293-307(in Korean).   DOI
34 Breckling J. The analysis of directional time series: Applications to wind speed and direction. Lecture notes in statistics 61. Springer. c1989.
35 Cramer H, Leadbetter MR. Stationary and related stochastic processes: Sample function properties and their applications. John Wiley & Sons. c1967.
36 Bracewell RN. The Fourier transform and its applications (3rd Ed.). McGraw-Hill. c2000.
37 Huang YN, Whittaker AS, Kennedy RP, Mayes RL. Assessment of base-isolated nuclear structures for design and beyond-design basis earthquake shaking. Tech. Rep. MCEER0-09-0008. c2009.
38 Yamane T, Nagahashi S. A study on a generation of simulated earthquake ground motion considering phase difference characteristics-Part2. J. Struct. Constr. Eng. AIJ, 2002;559:55-62. (in Japanese)   DOI
39 Margerin L, Campillo M, Van Tiggelen BA, Hennino R. Energy partition of seismic coda waves in layered media: theory and application to Pinyon Flats Observatory. Geophys. J. Int. 2009;177:571-585.   DOI
40 Akkar S, Sandikkaya MA, Bommer JJ. Empirical ground motion models for point- and extended- source crustal earthquake scenarios in Europe and the Middle East. Bull Earthquake Eng. c2013; DOI 10.1007/s10518-013-9461-4.
41 Montejo LA, Vidot-Vega AL. An empirical relationship between Fourier and response spectra using spectrum compatible time series, Earthquake Spectra. 2017;33(1):179-199.   DOI
42 Ministry of Interior and Safety. Korea, Recommendations for seismic design regulation. c2017.